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Friday, November 3, 2023


Today's Leasing News Headlines

Think Like a Farmer
    Placard
Recent Commercial Finance and Leasing Industry Conference
  Indicate Those Who Attend Are Succeeding in Growth
    By Scott Wheeler, CLFP
Help Wanted in the Finance and Leasing Business
    Balboa and TopMark Careers Open/Sales
Why Great Employees Leave: Unraveling the Mystery
    By Ken Lubin, ZRG Partners, Managing Director
Is Your Non-Compete Clause Valid?
    By Kenneth C. Greene, Esq.,  Leasing News Emeritus
Why Cities Are Cracking Down on Free Parking
    By Matthew W. Daus, Esq.
Chesswood Group Limited and Wafra Inc.
    Announce Joint Venture for Funding
The Latest Streaming by Fernando Croce:
 The Caine Mutiny, A Haunting in Venice,
   Indian Jones and the Dial or Destiny
    The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar,
    Poison, The Ratcher, the Swan
Border Collie
    Dublin, California  Adopt-a-Dog
Sudhir Amembal Free Webinar,  Nov. 14, 9 am PT
    "The 30 Extraordinary Benefits of Leasing!”

News Briefs ---
PayPal Pulls Back on MCAs
    and Business Loans due to Write-Offs
First UAW vote at Ford is overwhelmingly
    in favor of ratifying deal
Uber and Lyft will pay $328 million to
    settle New York wage theft probe

You May Have Missed --
The Way You Pay to Buy or Sell a Home
    Is About to Change

Broker/Funder/Industry Lists | Features (wrilter's columns)
Top Ten Stories Chosen by Readers | Top Stories last six months
Sales Make It Happen

Sports Briefs
   California News
    "Gimme that Wine"
 This Day in History
  SuDoku
   Daily Puzzle
    GasBuddy
     Weather, USA or specific area
      Traffic Live----
       Wordle

######## surrounding the article denotes it is a press release, it was not written by Leasing News nor has the information been verified, but from the source noted. When an article is signed by the writer, it is considered a byline. It reflects the opinion and research of the writer.

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Recent Commercial Finance and Leasing Industry Conference
Indicate Those Who Attend Are Succeeding in Growth
By Scott Wheeler, CLFP

The short- and long-term industry prospects are strong. New opportunities are developing for all participants willing to embrace change and focus on the highest quality assets.

Industry conferences over the past month have reaffirmed the determination, tenacity, and optimism of professionals who make up the commercial equipment finance and leasing industry. Industry challenges have not deterred industry leaders from moving aggressively forward.

Opportunities are being recognized by leaders at every level of strong organizations.

C-level leaders are rightfully reacting to industry challenges but they are not being consumed or panicking. They are focused on leading their teams and positioning their companies for additional success in 2024 and beyond. They are confirming that their teams have the talent, skills, and tools to deliver the greatest results. The industry's current transitional period is testing C-level professionals.

The strongest C-level leaders are performing exceptionally well. They are using their expertise and experience to advocate internally and externally for their operations and team members. They are leading by example. They are positive. They are energetic. They are open-minded, creative, and flexible. They reward excellence and eliminate mediocrity.

Leadership is not limited to the C-suites. During transitional periods, industry professionals at every level of an operation demonstrate their leadership qualities, and the ability to lead others to capture greater success. Top credit managers are helping sales originators determine what industries, equipment, and transactions can be approved, won, and funded. Top sales professionals are gathering industry intelligence (both positive and negative information) to disseminate throughout their organization to better position the organization for success. Documentation professionals are listening more carefully to clients and sharing potential concerns to mitigate fraud.

Strong portfolio and collection managers are critical contributors to ensure legacy assets are being effectively managed. Additionally, the strongest portfolio managers build expertise in equipment valuation over time; and are contributing greatly to future niches and opportunities for their organizations.

The commercial equipment finance and leasing industry is a team sport and leadership at every level is essential for an organization to succeed. Wheeler Business Consulting builds strong leaders for the industry and strong leaders at every level for its valued clients.

Scott A. Wheeler, CLFP
Wheeler Business Consulting
1314 Marquis Ct.
Fallston, Maryland 21047
Phone: 410 877 0428
Fax: 410 877 8161
Email: scott@wheelerbusinessconsulting.com
Web: www.wheelerbusinessconsulting.com 

Wheeler Business Consulting is working with individual originators and sales teams throughout the industry to ensure that they are well positioned in the market, capturing their fair share of business, and outperforming the competition. To schedule a one-on-one meeting contact Scott Wheeler at: scott@wheelerbusinessconsulting.com

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Why Great Employees Leave: Unraveling the Mystery
By Ken Lubin, ZRG Partners, Managing Director

Every organization aspires to attract and retain top talent. These high-performing individuals drive growth, foster positive work culture, and often form the backbone of successful projects. Yet, even the best companies sometimes find their brightest stars choosing to leave. This can be puzzling and alarming, prompting the question: Why do great employees leave?

Understanding the reasons behind their departures can help companies fine-tune their strategies to ensure they can keep their best assets for the long haul. Here are some key reasons why great employees might choose to move on:

  • Lack of Professional Growth and Development Opportunities: Ambitious employees are often on the lookout for avenues to learn, grow, and ascend in their careers. When they feel that they've hit a plateau, or that the organization lacks the resources or intent to develop their skills, they might look elsewhere.

  • Feeling Undervalued: Recognition isn't always about money. Employees want to feel that their efforts are acknowledged and appreciated. This could be in the form of bonuses, promotions, or just simple words of affirmation. Without this recognition, even top performers can feel not motivated.
  • Stagnant Compensation: While money isn’t everything, it does matter. If an employee feels they can get significantly better compensation elsewhere for the same role or if their pay doesn't match the industry standard, they might be tempted to leave.
  • Toxic Work Environment: Great employees thrive in positive, supportive environments. If office politics, backbiting, or a lack of transparency and trust define a workplace, even the most dedicated might reconsider their association.
  • Mismatch of Values and Culture: Employees want to work for companies whose values align with their own. If there's a misalignment between personal values and corporate culture, there's a good chance of disconnect, leading to dissatisfaction.
  • Overwork and Burnout: Continually pushing employees to their limits, without adequate downtime or support, can lead to burnout. Over time, this can make even the most dedicated employees reconsider their position.
  • Lack of Autonomy: High performers often value a degree of independence in their roles. If they feel micromanaged or stifled, they might look for opportunities where they have more freedom to innovate and take charge.
  • Poor Relationship with Management: People often say, “Employees don’t leave jobs, they leave managers.” A difficult or unsupportive manager can be a significant reason for employees to exit.
  • Seeking a New Challenge: Sometimes, the motivation is as simple as wanting a new challenge or a change of scenery. This can be especially true for individuals who thrive on novelty and new experiences.
  • Life Changes: Beyond professional reasons, personal life events or changes like relocation, family needs, or health concerns can also drive a decision to leave.

Retaining top talent is crucial for the success and growth of any organization. By understanding the reasons great employees might choose to leave, companies can take proactive steps to address potential issues, creating an environment where their best and brightest feel valued, challenged, and engaged. Remember, in the world of business, people are often the most valuable asset, and their well-being and satisfaction should always be a top priority.

Ken Lubin, Managing Director
ZRG Partners, LLC
Americas I EMEA I Asia Pacific
C: 508-733-4789
https://www.linkedin.com/in/klubin


 

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Leasing and Finance Industry Help Wanted


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Is Your Non-Compete Clause Valid?
By Kenneth C. Greene, Esq.,  Leasing News Emeritus

What is a non-compete agreement? A non-compete is an employment contract in which an employee pledges not to work for a competitive firm for a period of time after resigning or being terminated.

According to Wikipedia, noncompeting clauses have been around since the Middle Ages. The first recorded case involving non-competes was Dyer’s Case in 1414. The employer failed to appear in court, but the judge refused to enforce the clause, reportedly opining, “Per Dieusi le plaintiff fuit icy il irra al prison, tanque il ust fait fyne au Roye.’ (‘By God, if the plaintiff were here, he would go to prison until he paid a fine to the King.’)

This trend began to change in 1621. In Broad v. Jollyffe, the year of America’s first Thanksgiving, a court decided that a non-compete, limited in geographic scope, was valid, an exception to existing precedent. Within 100 years, the exception became the rule.

The first careful reformulation of the “reasonableness” test came in an English case decided in 1831. In Horner v. Graves [131 Eng. Rep. 284 (C.P. 1831)], Tindal, C.J., clarified Mitchel v. Reynolds by ruling that the element of reasonableness was not limited to the consideration stated in the contract but extended to all facts relevant to “whether the restraint is such only as to afford a fair protection to the interests of the party in favour of whom it is given, and not so large as to interfere with the interests of the public.” [131 Eng. Rep. at 287.]

What is the reasonableness test today? “Reasonableness” takes into account geography and time.  In other words, per SHRM magazine, “Non-competes prohibits employees from working for corporate competitors or opening their own competing business within a geographic area for a certain period after they leave a company.”

Some states have banned non-competes altogether, including California, Minnesota, North Dakota and Oklahoma. New York has passed a bill, but the governor has not yet signed it.
It seems the pendulum has swung back to 1414, possibly because of the scarcity of good jobs.

Some states, like Colorado, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, Oregon, Rhode Island, Virginia, and Washington have fine-tuned the law to exclude employees with salaries above a certain threshold. Iowa and Kentucky limit the use in certain professions, such as for healthcare workers.

Finally, the FTC recently proposed a new rule which would amount to an almost total ban of the use of non-compete agreements, except for those in connection with the sale of a business. It is unclear whether the FTC has the authority to
do that, but we will know soon enough.

In the meantime, nondisclosure and non-solicitation agreements may help circumnavigate the ever-growing ban on straight non-competes. Be sure to check with local counsel in the applicable jurisdiction when drafting contracts that include these provisions.


Ken Greene
Law Office of Kenneth Charles Greene
5743 Corsa Avenue, Suite 208
Westlake Village, California 91362
Tel: 818.575.9095
Fax: 805.435.7464
ken@kengreenelaw.com
www.kengreenelaw.com


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Why Cities Are Cracking Down on Free Parking
By Matthew W. Daus, Esq.

 
Bloomberg/ Getty Images 

There are a slew of users and uses that compete for curb space. Pedestrians crossing. Residents looking for parking. Workers dropping off food and packages. Buses and school buses. Bicyclists. Pick-ups and drop-offs for people with disabilities. Dogs doing their business. Sidewalk restaurants. Food trucks and food deliveries. Emergency vehicles. Garbage trucks. Electric vehicle charging stations, and more.

The Covid-19 pandemic worsened the street-side chaos: outdoor dining sheds opened, package and food deliveries surged, and car and pet ownership spiked. But this prioritized piece of real estate is still primarily designed for one use — parking — and it’s often for free.

But now, a growing number of cities are trying to make curbs more efficient and accessible for everyone who has a claim to them. The solution, some advocates say, is removing free parking and charging for spots based on demand.

Still, much of American infrastructure is designed explicitly for cars over everything else. And for people who drive, business owners who depend on parking around their stores, residents who commute by car and others, eliminating or charging for parking spots at the curb could be a burden.

Source: CNN Business
https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/28/business/cities-curbs-parking-deliveries-bikers/index.html

 

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### Press Release ############################

Chesswood Group Limited and Wafra Inc.
Announce Joint Venture for Funding

TORONTO and NEW YORK, /CNW/ - Chesswood Group Limited (TSX: CHW) ("Chesswood"), a specialty finance company with 40 years of experience in the commercial equipment finance market, and Wafra Inc. ("Wafra"), a global alternative investment firm, today announced an agreement forming a joint venture partnership (the "Joint Venture") between Chesswood subsidiary Pawnee Leasing Corporation ("Pawnee") and certain funds managed by Wafra ("Wafra Funds").

The Joint Venture will enable Chesswood's subsidiaries to continue growing originations to meet market demand and to evaluate new opportunities that leverage Chesswood's infrastructure and decades of experience and success in the commercial finance sector.

Edward Tsai, Managing Director at Wafra, said, "We are pleased to partner with the management of Chesswood, Pawnee and Tandem and look forward to growing the Joint Venture meaningfully.

 "As long-term oriented investors, we seek to form durable partnerships with experienced industry leaders like Chesswood. We recognize the attractive fundamentals of equipment finance, adding it to Wafra's portfolio of high-quality real-asset-backed investments." 


Ryan Marr, President & CEO of Chesswood, said, "We are excited to embark on a long-term partnership with Wafra focused on the expansion of Chesswood's business in the United States. Wafra and Chesswood share a common vision of the opportunities for growth in the US asset-based finance market that leverages the infrastructure and know-how of both organizations. In addition, this agreement builds on Chesswood's strategic focus to grow Chesswood's Asset Management business and increase fee-based revenue." 

The Joint Venture will invest in equipment finance leases and loans originated by Chesswood subsidiaries Pawnee and Tandem Finance Ltd. ("Tandem"), targeting up to $1 billion in total acquisitions. Chesswood and its operating subsidiaries will service the assets on behalf of the Joint Venture. Both Wafra Funds and Pawnee will contribute equity to the Joint Venture, with Wafra Funds owning up to 95%. In connection with the formation of the Joint Venture, Chesswood has agreed to issue to Wafra Funds warrants to purchase 2,067,250 Chesswood common shares at a $10 exercise price, subject to a vesting schedule tied to the closing of acquisitions by the Joint Venture.

The issuance of the warrants is subject to receiving conditional approval from the Toronto Stock Exchange. The terms of the warrants (other than the exercise price) will be included in a subsequent news release.

About Wafra
Wafra is a global alternative investment manager with approximately $31 billion of assets under management across a range of alternative assets, including real assets, real estate, and strategic partnerships. By providing flexible and accretive capital solutions and focusing on long-term partnerships, Wafra aligns and partners with high quality asset owners, companies and management teams. Headquartered in New York, Wafra has additional offices in London, Kuwait, and Bermuda. For more information, please visit www.wafra.com.

About Chesswood Group Limited
Chesswood Group Limited is a Toronto, Canada based holding company whose subsidiaries engage in the business of specialty finance (including equipment finance throughout North America and vehicle finance and legal sector finance in Canada), as well as the origination and management of private credit alternatives for North American investors.

Based in Toronto, Canada, Chesswood Group Limited's shares trade on the TSX under the symbol CHW. For more information, please visit https://www.chesswoodgroup.com

#### Press Release #############################

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Watch at Home
by Fernando Croce, Leasing News Movie Reviewer

Latest streaming releases include a cinema veteran's final film (“The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial”), a handsome mystery (“A Haunting in Venice”), the latest chapter in a rollicking franchise (“Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny”). and a quartet of shorts from a distinctive filmmaker (“The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar,” “Poison,” “The Ratcatcher,” “The Swan”).

The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial (Paramount/Showtime): Previously filmed in 1954 with Humphrey Bogart, Herman Wouk’s play becomes an engrossing final project for the late Oscar-winner William Friedkin (“The French Connection,” “The Exorcist”). Updated from World War II to the War on Terror, the story chronicles the hearing of U.S. Navy Lieutenant Stephen Maryk (Jake Lacy), who’s on trial for mutiny aboard the Caine, a ship that nearly sank during a cyclone. The struggle to sail the Caine to safety is the crux of the case, which meant seizing control from the tyrannical, unstable Captain Queeg (Kiefer Sutherland). While defending Mark, Lieutenant Barney Greenwald (Jason Clarke) places the focus on Queeg, as cracks begin to appear on his military armor. A master class in muscular storytelling, Friedkin’s film is a terrifically unsettled swansong.

A Haunting in Venice (Amazon Prime, Hulu): Oscar-winner Kenneth Branagh (“Belfast”) directs and stars in this engaging mystery, his third screen outing as Agatha Christie’s famous Belgian sleuth, Hercule Poirot. This time around, Poirot travels to Venice in hopes of getting a much-needed vacation, complete with a bodyguard to keep away potential clients. Nonetheless, he gets pulled back into his old investigative ways when a novelist friend, Ariadne (Tina Fey), invites him to a party at the home of a retired opera singer (Kelly Reilly). The main attraction is a séance held by a famous medium (Michelle Yeoh), and after somebody dies in the course of the event, Poirot takes up the game of suspects and clues. Bringing hints of the occult into the intrigue, the film is handsome entertainment.

Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny (Amazon Prime, Vudu): Everyone’s favorite daredevil archeologist returns in the fifth installment of the rollicking adventure series, with Steven Spielberg passing directorial duties to James Mangold (“Ford v. Ferrari”). Beginning in familiar territory in the 1940s of espionage derring-do and Nazi fiends, the main story soon takes hold in the late 1960s, where the aging Indiana Jones (Harrison Ford) finds himself at odds with the changing times. The mission at hand involves tracking down a time-bending apparatus built in ancient Greece—Indy’s sidekick is his brash goddaughter (Phoebe Waller-Bridge), while a tenacious Nazi scientist (Mads Mikkelsen) handles nemesis duties. Though packed with relentless chases and stunts in accordance with the franchise’s blueprint, the film is bolstered above all by Ford’s wry, cranky grace.

The Wonderful Storyof Henry Sugar (Netflix): Having released the acclaimed “Asteroid City” earlier this year, director Wes Anderson turns his attention to author Roald Dahl for a quartet of short films released exclusively on Netflix. In the first one, Anderson uses nested storytelling techniques and actors playing multiple roles to illustrate Dahl’s tale of transcendence, with the author himself (played by Ralph Fiennes) reading the text for the camera. Henry Sugar is a rich heir (Benedict Cumberbatch), who’s mainly interested in gambling until he learns of Imdad Khan (Ben Kingsley). Claiming to be able to see without using his eyes thanks to a guru known as The Great Yogi (Richard Ayoade), Khan inspires Henry to use his skills for the good of the world. The results are inventive, gorgeous and moving.

Poison, The Ratcatcher, The Swan (Netflix): In addition to “The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar,” Netflix offers three more Wes Anderson shorts based on Roald Dahl stories. A suspense tale previously filmed by none other than Alfred Hitchcock, “Poison” is a claustrophobic anecdote (a man lies in bed, convinced that there’s a poisonous snake on top of him) with a tension that’s new for the melancholy filmmaker. “The Ratcatcher” spins a sardonic view of the line between humans and animals, following a rodent exterminator as he schemes against his prey. Finally, “The Swan” offers a minimalistic account of bullying as a brilliant boy recounts his childhood pressures. Starring many of Anderson’s recurring players (Benedict Cumberbatch, Ralph Fiennes, Ben Kingsley), the titles showcase the director’s control of form in connection to the author’s themes.

Fernando Croce is a nationally recognized film reviewer and has been contributing to Leasing News since 2008. His reviews appear each Friday.

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Border Collie
Dublin, California  Adopt-a-Dog


Chloe

ID: 56454
Female
11 months old
Location:
East Bay SPCA - Oakland

Chloe's ideal home is one where her boundless energy and intelligence are celebrated and channeled positively. With ample exercise, mental stimulation, and affection, she'll thrive as a beloved member of the household. Chloe reminds us that a young, energetic dog can bring laughter, adventure, and love into our lives like no other. With her boundless spirit, sharp mind, and warm heart, she is ready to embark on a lifetime of adventures with you. *Chloe has lived with a cat in her previous home and did well.

East Bay SPCA
Dublin Adoption Center
4651 Gleason Drive
Dublin, CA 94568
(925) 479-9670

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Sudhir Amembal Free Webinar,  Nov. 14, 9 am PT
"The 30 Extraordinary Benefits of Leasing!”


Sudhir Amembal, Chairman & CEO of Amembal & Halladay, will be conducting a free webinar on November 14 at 9 am PT, 10 am MT, 11 am CT and 12 pm ET.

The webinar is entitled "The 30 Extraordinary Benefits of Leasing!".

The approximately 60-minute webinar has to do with the FMV lease, the "true" lease, which offers customers far more benefits than loan-like equivalents. So as to appeal to a broad-based audience, the webinar starts by briefly introducing the differences between the FMV and the Capital lease from product characteristics, accounting and tax point of view; but, quickly delves into the unique benefits of the FMV lease -- 30 of them!

Newcomers will gain valuable insight; the experienced will refresh their skills; sales personnel will get practical tips to win incremental transactions; marketing professionals will learn how to improve marketing collateral; and, back-office personnel will obtain a high-level understanding of the product.

Mr. Amembal has been serving the global equipment finance industry since 1978. Under his stewardship, our firm has trained over 80,000 equipment finance professionals throughout the world, over 50,000 in the U.S. He has co-authored, authored and published 18 industry publications. Sudhir was inducted into ELFA's Hall of Fame in 2016 and was a nominee for "The Legend" as well as "MVP Behind the Scene" awards at the Monitor Converge 2023. He was the first person to be awarded an honorary CLFP credential by the CLFP Foundation.

For registration information, please contact:
Sudhir Amembal, CEO          
sudhir@amembalandhalladay.com

 

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News Briefs---

PayPal Pulls Back on MCAs Due to Write-Offs
    and Business Loans
https://debanked.com/2023/11/paypal-pulls-back-on-mcas-and-business-loans/

First UAW vote at Ford is overwhelmingly
in favor of ratifying deal
https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/02/business/ford-uaw-ratification-vote/index.html

Uber and Lyft will pay $328 million to
settle New York wage theft probe
https://www.courthousenews.com/uber-and-lyft-will-pay-328-million-to-settle-new-york-wage-theft-probe/


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The Way You Pay to Buy or Sell a Home Is About to Change
    
Changes could range from commission tweaks to a more radical restructuring
https://www.wsj.com/finance/investing/the-way-you-pay-to-buy-or-sell-a-home-is-about-to-change-4e1a4fbc

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Sports Briefs---

49ers' Brock Purdy gets away from it all by
     harvesting Iowa corn during bye week
https://www.sfgate.com/49ers/article/brock-purdy-harvests-iowa-corn-jenna-brandt-18465430.php

Warriors’ new City Edition uniform pays
     tribute to San Francisco cable cars
https://www.sfchronicle.com/sports/warriors/article/warriors-new-city-edition-uniform-pays-tribute-18465331.php

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California News Briefs---

Watch: How the largest immigrant communities have
shifted in the U.S., California and Bay Area
https://www.eastbaytimes.com/2023/11/02/watch-how-the-largest-immigrant-communities-have-shifted-in-the-u-s-california-and-bay-area/

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Gimme that Wine

 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJnQoi8DSE8    

Why this may be ‘best start’ to Wine Country
    harvest in 50 years
https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/wine/article/napa-grape-harvest-winery-18458223.php

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This Day in History

      1755 - Birthday of Gilbert Charles Stuart (d. 1828), near Narragansett, RI. American portrait painter whose most famous painting is that of George Washington. He also painted portraits of Madison, Monroe, Jefferson and other important Americans.
    1762 - France ceded to Spain all lands west of the Mississippi River.  The territory was known as Upper Louisiana.
    1775 - Lt. John Paul Jones raises the Grand Union flag on Alfred. This was the first American flag raised over an American naval vessel.
    1799 - Margaret O'Neale Eaton’s (d. 1859) birthday, Washington, DC. Her marriage to the man who would become a cabinet officer resulted in a scandal, the Petticoat Affair, that caused Andrew Jackson to dismiss his entire cabinet. It led to a permanent breach between Jackson and John C. Calhoun which resulted in Martin Van Buren becoming president rather than Calhoun.   Also, Calhoun’s support of the South Carolina resolution on tariffs was believed by many to have hastened the War Between the States. Living well is said to be the best revenge and the Eatons lived well, in fact said to have had a brilliant social life when he served as governor of Florida and U.S. minister to Spain. She lived until she was eighty years old, marrying her grandchildren’s dance teacher, Antonio Buchignani, on June 7, 1859, after Eaton died.  She was 59 and he was 19.  Eaton obtained a divorce from Buchignani who absconded with her fortune and her granddaughter, Emily Randolph but she was unable to recover her financial standing. She died in poverty in Washington, D.C. on November 8, 1879.
http://www.floridamemory.com/OnlineClassroom/Governors/Eaton.cfm
http://www.benet.org/teachers/lbrown/WebSites/TheEatons
/Newsletter_2/newsletter_2.html

http://www.booknotes.org/Program/?ProgramID=1403
http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/sw-sa/Eaton.htm
    1800 - US state electors met and cast their ballots for the presidency. A tie resulted between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.
    1818 - Illinois became the 21st state. The strange but beautiful prairie lands east of the Mississippi and north of Lake Michigan presented a difficult challenge to the tide of westward-moving immigrants. Accustomed to the heavily forested lands of states like Kentucky and Tennessee, the early immigrants to Illinois did not know what to make of the vast treeless stretches of the prairie. Most pioneers believed that the fertility of soil revealed itself by the abundance of vegetation it supported, so they assumed that the lack of trees on the prairie signaled inferior farmland. Those brave souls who did try to farm the prairie found that their flimsy plows were inadequate to cut through prairie sod thickly knotted with deep roots. In an "age of wood," farmers also felt helpless without ready access to the trees they needed for their tools, homes, furniture, fences, and fuel. For all these reasons, most of the early Illinois settlers remained in the southern part of the state, where they built homes and farms near the trees that grew along the many creek and river bottoms. The development of heavy prairie plows and improved access to wood and other supplies through new shipping routes encouraged even more farmers to head out into the vast northern prairie lands of Illinois. By 1840, the center of population in Illinois had shifted decisively to the north, and the once insignificant hamlet of Chicago rapidly became a bustling city. The four giant prairie counties of northern Illinois, which were the last to be settled, boasted population densities of 18 people per square mile. Increasingly recognized as one of the nation's most fertile agricultural areas, the vast emptiness of the Illinois prairie was eagerly conquered by both pioneers and plows. The Railroad and Great Lakes made Chicago a significant center of transportation.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/dec03.html
    1826 - Birthday of Union General George McClellan (d. 1885) in Philadelphia. Although McClellan emerged early in the war as a Union hero, he failed to effectively prosecute the war in the East. McClellan graduated from West Point in 1846, second in his class. He served with distinction in the Mexican War under General Winfield Scott and continued in the military until 1857. After retiring from the service, McClellan served as president of the Illinois Central Railroad, where he became acquainted with Abraham Lincoln, who was then an attorney for the company. When the war began, McClellan was appointed major general in charge of the Ohio volunteers. In 1861, he commanded Union forces in western Virginia, where his reputation grew as the Yankees won many small battles and secured control of the region. Although many historians have argued that it was McClellan's subordinates who deserved most of the credit, McClellan was elevated to commander of the main Union army in the east, the Army of the Potomac, following that army's humiliating defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run.  McClellan was beloved by his soldiers but was arrogant and contemptuous of Lincoln and the Republican leaders in Congress. A staunch Democrat, he was opposed to attacking the institution of slavery as a war measure. While his work as an administrator earned high marks, his weakness was revealed when he took the field with his army in the spring of 1862. He lost to Robert E. Lee during the Seven Days' battles, and as a field commander he was sluggish, hesitant, and timid. President Lincoln then moved most of McClellan's command to John Pope, but Pope was beaten badly by Lee at the Second Battle of Bull Run. When Lee invaded Maryland in September 1862, Lincoln restored McClellan's command. McClellan pursued Lee into western Maryland, and on September 17, the two armies fought to a standstill along Antietam Creek. Heavy losses forced Lee to return to Virginia, providing McClellan with a nominal victory. Shortly after the battle, Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation, which converted the war into a crusade against slavery, a measure bitterly criticized by McClellan. The general's failure to pursue Lee into Virginia led Lincoln to order McClellan's permanent removal in November. The Democrats nominated McClellan for President in 1864. He ran against his old boss but managed to garner only 21 of 233 electoral votes. After the war, he served as Governor of New Jersey. He died on October 29, 1885, in Orange, New Jersey.
    1828 - Andrew Jackson was elected seventh president of the United States. Jackson, a senator from Tennessee until his nomination, received 647,231 popular votes and 178 electoral votes against 509,097 popular votes and 83 electoral votes for John Quincy Adams, candidate of the National Republican Party. John C. Calhoun was reelected vice president, receiving 171 electoral votes. Martin Van Buren of New York swung the election on the understanding that he would continue to exercise power in the state through the spoils system. Jackson was reelected in 1832 by 687,502 popular votes and 219 electoral votes, against 530,189 popular votes and 49 electoral votes for Henry Clay. Martin Van Buren was elected vice-president.
    1833 - The first college to enroll women and men on equal terms was Oberlin Collegiate Institute, Oberlin, OH, with 44 students, 29 men and 15 women. On March 21, 1930, the name of the school was changed to Oberlin College. It was the first school to advocate the abolition of slavery and to accept African-American men and women on equal terms with white students.
    1834 – The first dental society was established, in New York.
    1842 - Phoebe Apperson Hearst’s (d. 1919) birthday in Franklin County, MO.   She was a renowned philanthropist whose contributions - based on her husband's gold and silver mining fortune - put a lot of the gold in the reputation of California. Her donations to the University of California that she served as a regent from 1897 to her death in 1919 helped make it a major institution. She endowed nurseries and kindergartens, helped rebuild many institutions after the San Francisco earthquake/fire, and later, her financial aid to numerous archaeological expeditions carried the stipulation that the finds go to the UC and thus came about the University Museum. Later she endowed UC's department of anthropology. She also set up the first refuge for redwood trees. When her husband George was appointed to the U.S. Senate, she turned her philanthropy to that area's institutions and was, among other things, a major contributor to the National Cathedral and the restoration of Mount Vernon. Her only child was William Randolph Hearst, the newspaper publisher. She died April 13, 1919 at her home in Pleasanton, CA, a victim of the worldwide influenza epidemic of 1918-1919.  The majestic residence burned in a great fire in 1969.  The land now serves as Castlewood Country Club.
http://www.hearstcastle.org/history/phoebe_hearst.asp
http://www.pleasantonweekly.com/morgue/2001/2001_04_13.phoebe13.html
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=2345
    1842 – Charles Alfred Pillsbury (d. 1899) was born in Warner, NH.  He was co-founder and namesake of the Pillsbury Company.
    1847 - Frederick Douglass and Martin R Delaney, started The North Star, an anti-slavery paper.
http://www.famousamericans.net/frederickdouglass/
http://www.us-civilwar.com/douglass.htm
http://www.lib.rochester.edu/rbk/douglass/thompson.stm
http://itech.fgcu.edu/faculty/wohlpart/alra/douglass.htm
http://www.jameslandrith.com/freebies/fdouglass.html
    1863 – Confederate General James Longstreet abandoned his siege of Knoxville, TN.
    1864 - Salmon P. Chase was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. His most significant achievements came as Treasury Secretary under Lincoln. He was partly responsible for saving the country from financial ruin with the Legal Tender Act, which he sponsored in 1862. The act allowed 150,000,000 greenbacks to be issued. The phrase “In God We Trust” was put on national coins by order of Chase.     
    1868 – At the trial of Jefferson Davis, black Americans were empaneled as jurors for the first time in an American courtroom. He refused to honor the trial and sat in jail for two years. Horace Greely, democratic candidate for President in 1872, and founder and editor of the New York Tribune, became an advocate of universal amnesty for Confederates, and in May, 1867, offered bail for Davis. He was pardoned by President Johnson under the influence of Southern Democrats who had swung the electoral vote in an alleged backroom deal. Some other trivia:  Davis was the son-in-law of former president Zachary Taylor (who was prepared to hold the Union together by armed force rather than by compromise) and US Secretary of War (1853-57).
(see Horace Greely:  http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/graybill-greely.html)
http://www.ngeorgia.com/people/davisj.html
http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/zt12.html
    1878 - Settlers arrive at Petach Tikvah, Israel from various parts of the world, including America.
    1879 - Thomas Edison said he could invent a safe electric light bulb. Although electric arc lights had existed for more than ten years, their high intensity made them a fire hazard.  Financiers, including J.P. Morgan and the Vanderbilt family, took Edison at his word and established the Edison Electric Light Company later that year. After more than a year of experiments, Edison and his young assistant, Francis Upton, finally developed a carbon filament that would burn in a vacuum in a glass bulb for forty hours. They demonstrated the light bulb to their backers on Dec. 3, 1879, and by the end of the month, were exhibiting the invention to the public. On December 31, 1879, the Pennsylvania Railroad ran special trains to Edison's Menlo Park laboratory to let the public witness a demonstration of the invention.
    1892 - Harriet Stratemeyer Adams’ (d. 1982) birthday in Newark, NJ.  Adams claimed to be the author of all 55 of the Nancy Drew mysteries (under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene), most of the Hardy Boys series (under the pseudonym Franklin W. Dixon), the Toms Swift Jr. series, the Bobbsey Twins and other books in the Stratemeyer publishing empire. Took over the organization in 1930 when her father died. Most of the books were ghosted by writers she hired, but the fable that she both created the series and write the stories still lives on.
http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/authors/Harriet_Stratemeyer_Adams.htm
http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/yw/2002/03/30/stories/2002033000130300.htm
    1896 - Hermann Hollerith incorporated the Tabulating Machine Company.  At age twenty-nine, Hollerith, who had worked at the Census Bureau in 1880, won a competition to develop the most efficient counting system for the 1890 census. His tabulating machine counted punched cards, inspired by a card system developed by Joseph Jacquard of France to program patterns into textile looms. Through a series of mergers and reorganizations, the Tabulating Machine Company eventually became IBM.
    1897 - Birthday of social artist William Gropper (d. 1977) in New York City’s Lower East Side.   A committed radical, Gropper's alienation was accentuated when on March 24, 1911 he lost a favorite aunt in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, a disaster which resulted from locked doors and non-existent exits in a New York sweatshop. Some 146 workers burned or jumped to their deaths on that day in what was New York's greatest human catastrophe prior to 9/11.
http://www.gropper.com/
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/gropper_william.html
    1898 - The Duquesne Country and Athletic Club defeated an All-star collection of early football players, 16-0, in what is considered to be the very first all-star game for professional American football.
    1901 – President Teddy Roosevelt’s State of the Union Address asked Congress to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits."    
    1901 – Milwaukee of the American League was replaced by the St. Louis Browns.  In 1954, the team was purchased by a group of investors, moved to Baltimore, and was renamed the Orioles.
    1902 - Birthday of Mitsuo Fuchida (d. 1976) in Japan.  He was the pilot who flew the lead plane in Japan's air attack on Pearl Harbor.  Following World War II, through representatives of the Pocket Testament League, Fuchida was converted to Christianity in 1950.
    1902 - Birthday of clarinet player Joe “Brother Cornbread” Thomas (d. 1981), New Orleans, LA
http://jazz-band.net/band.php?id=8d057992joethom4fe214b32a67f640d
    1903 - Birthday of trombone player Brad Gowans (d. 1954), Billerica, MA,
    1907 - Singer Connee Boswell’s (d. 1976) birthday in Kansas City, MO. Perhaps best known as part of the Boswell Sisters singing group, after her sisters married, she continued as a solo, performing mostly from a wheelchair. She'd been a victim of polio as a child and then had a fall that aggravated the situation. She played a number of instruments and was a gifted arranger. 
http://www.otrcat.com/connieboswell.htm
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/guides/guide-display/-/
2GC0M8R0CLCO5/104-3191958-8595946

    1919 - Birthday of piano player/composer Herbie Nichols (d. 1963), New York City. 
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/damonshort/nichols.htm
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/193008000X/inktomi-
bkasin-20/002-5410374-3716044

    1922 - The first movie in Technicolor that was considered released for commercial purpose plus was “really successful” was “The Toll of the Sea,” released this day at the Rialto Theater, New York City. The process was developed by Dr. Herbert Thomas Kalmus, president and general manager of the Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation from its inception until 1959.
    1922 - Birthday of Joseph Edward “Joe” Collins, born Joseph Edward Kollonige (d. 1989), at Scranton, PA. As a first baseman for the New York Yankees, Collins played in seven World Series in his 10-year Major League career and he was a teammate of Joe DiMaggio, Mickey Mantle, Yogi Berra, and Whitey Ford. He hit two home runs off Brooklyn Dodgers’ Don Newcombe in Game 1 of the 1955 series (I was there and remember it, too). Collins died in Union, NJ, where a small park is named for him.
    1923 – The first radio broadcast of a Congressional session was aired from Washington, DC…where else?
    1925 - The first jazz concerto for piano and orchestra was presented at Carnegie Hall in NYC. Commissioned by Walter Damrosch, American composer George Gershwin presented "Concerto In F," and was the featured soloist playing a flugelhorn in a slow, bluesy style as one of his numbers.
    1925 – Ferlin Husky (d. 2011) was born in Cantwell, MO.  He was an early country music singer who was equally adept at the genres of traditional honky-tonk, ballads, spoken recitations, and rockabilly pop tunes. He had two dozen Top 20 hits in the country charts between 1953 and 1975.  In the 1950s and 60s, Husky's hits included “Gone” and “Wings of a Dove,” each reaching No. 1 on the country charts. 
    1927 – The first Laurel and Hardy film, “Putting Pants on Philip,” was released. LA.  http://www.artistdirect.com/music/artist/card/0,,431599,00.html
http://www.rasputinmusic.com/albumpage.cfm?sku_num=7464663392
    1929 - Birthday of trombone player Fred Assunto (d. 1966), New Orleans, played with the Dukes of Dixieland
http://www.jazzbymail.com/artists/dod.html
    1929 - Showing extreme optimism, if not foresight, President Herbert Hoover declared to Congress that the nation had shaken off the impact of the recent stock market crash and regained its faith in the economy. “Happy Days Were Here Again,” he tried to make his theme song (Ironically, it became FDR’s theme song, along with “Brother Can You Spare a Dime.”). The Teapot Dome scandal and trial under undermined his leadership, but it was his lack of understanding the economy that did him in. In the 1930, he called a special session of Congress to take up tariff revisions, which he had promised in his presidential campaign the previous fall. Hoover primarily wanted to have tariff rates raised on agricultural products. By the time it was over, the Smooth-Hawley Act also included some of the highest rates in history on manufactured products. Hoover signed the act into law on June 17 despite the fact that on May 4, a petition signed by 1028 economists had been sent to Washington urging defeat of the proposed legislation. Within two years, 25 nations retaliated by raising duties on US Goods. The economic nationalism triggered by this legislation had been blamed for deepening the worldwide depression. A report in 1931 recommended repealing the anti-probation law, however, Hoover opposed it. In the 1932 election, Hoover received a popular vote of 15,761,841 with 59 electoral votes to Roosevelt’s 22,821,857 and 472 electoral vote. The democrats also gained 13 senate seats and 90 house seats.
http://www.utu.fi/hum/historia/yh/scarry/USDocuments/HappyDays.htm
    1930 - Birthday of singer Andy Williams (d. 2012), born Wall Lake, IA. Platinum album: “Love Story,” 13 gold albums.
http://www.andywilliams.com/
    1931 - Unemployment in American reaches 13.5 million — almost 1/3 of the American work force. In Los Angeles alone, shelters give asylum to over 200,000 persons. Many choose instead to hit the road — another 200,000 become freight car migrants on the Missouri Pacific Line. Severe drought hits the midwestern and southern plains. As the crops die, the 'black blizzards" begin. Dust from the over-plowed and over-grazed land begins to blow.
    1932 - Birthday of singer/actress Jaye P. Morgan, born Mary Margaret Morgan, in Mancos, CO.  Her best known role, however, was as an original panelist on Chuck Barris’ “The Gong Show.”
http://us.imdb.com/Name?Morgan,+Jaye+P.
http://www.darkpeak.freeserve.co.uk/forfemmes/page43.html
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B0000036LU/
avsearch-df1-9-20/002-5410374-3716044

    1932 - Birthday of trumpet player Webster Young (d. 2003), Columbia, SC
http://www.fantasyjazz.com/catalog/young_w_cat.html
    1933 – As the effects of the Great Depression continued to lower attendance at Major League baseball games, Philadelphia A’s owner and manager, Connie Mack, sold All-Star catcher, and future Hall of Famer, Mickey Cochrane, to the Detroit Tigers for $100,000.  Before the fire sale would end, Mack would also sell Jimmy Foxx and Al Simmons among others.  Earlier, after the Athletics won in pennant in 1910, 1911, 1913 and 1914, beating the Cubs in the World Series in 1910 and the Giants in 1911 and 1913, but losing in 1914 to the Boston Braves, financial difficulties forced Mack to sell off his stars to stay afloat.  It would not be until the 1920’s that the Athletics would compete again.
    1933 – The Chicago Cardinals’ QB, Joe Lilliard, would be the last black player in the NFL until 1946.
    1937 – NASCAR’s Bobby Allison was born, Miami, FL.
    1942 - Frank Sinatra’s first solo engagement, Paramount Theater, New York City.
    1945 - *HENRY, ROBERT T., Medal of Honor.
Rank and organization: Private, U.S. Army, 16th Infantry, 1st Infantry Division. Place and date: Luchem, Germany, 3 December 1944. Entered service at: Greenville, Miss. Birth: Greenville, Miss. G.O. No.: 45, 12 June 1945. Citation: Near Luchem, Germany, he volunteered to attempt the destruction of a nest of 5 enemy machineguns located in a bunker 150 yards to the flank which had stopped the advance of his platoon. Stripping off his pack, overshoes, helmet, and overcoat, he sprinted alone with his rifle and hand grenades across the open terrain toward the enemy emplacement. Before he had gone half the distance he was hit by a burst of machinegun fire. Dropping his rifle, he continued to stagger forward until he fell mortally wounded only 10 yards from the enemy emplacement. His single-handed attack forced the enemy to leave the machineguns. During this break in hostile fire the platoon moved forward and overran the position. Pvt. Henry, by his gallantry and intrepidity and utter disregard for his own life, enabled his company to reach its objective, capturing this key defense and 70 German prisoners.
    1946 - General Strike in Oakland, California. 100,000 workers from 142 AFL unions — including workers from factories, industries, services, retail stores, transportation systems and more — declared a "work holiday" and walked off their jobs. The three-day General Strike of more than 130,000 workers in Alameda County (Oakland) CA, opposed police brutality and supported striking Oakland department store workers. It lasted until city and labor leaders settled on a compromise agreement, returning workers to their jobs on Dec. 5. In following months, the populist Oakland Voters League brought together progressive factions in the city to elect four out of five labor candidates to the city council.
    1946 – This year’s Heisman Trophy winner is Mr. Inside, Glenn Davis, of Army.
    1947 - Tennessee Williams' “A Streetcar Named Desire” opens today at New York's Ethel Barrymore Theater and runs for 855 performances. Jessica Tandy, Marlon Brando, Kim Hunter, & Karl Malden star.
    1947 – Manson follower and fellow murderer Patricia Krenwinkle’s birthday, Los Angeles.   Krenwinkel is the longest-incarcerated female inmate in the California penal system.
    1948 – The first woman officer not in the US Army medical corps is sworn in.
    1948 - Top Hits
“Buttons and Bows” - Dinah Shore
“On a Slow Boat to China” - The Kay Kaiser Orchestra (vocal: Harry Babbitt & Gloria Wood
“You Were Only Fooling” - Kay Starr
“One Has My Name (The Other Has My Heart)” - Jimmy Wakely
    1950 - Los Angeles Rams wide receiver Tom Fears celebrates his 27th birthday by making an NFL record 18 receptions for 189 yards and two touchdowns in the Rams' 51-14 victory over Green Bay.
    1950 - PAGE, JOHN U. D., Medal of Honor.
Rank and organization: Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army, X Corps Artillery, while attached to the 52d Transportation Truck Battalion. Place and date: Near Chosin Reservoir, Korea, 29 November to 10 December 1950. Entered service at: St. Paul, Minn. Born: 8 February 1904, Malahi Island, Luzon, Philippine Islands. G.O. No.: 21, 25 April 1957. Citation: Lt. Col. Page, a member of X Corps Artillery, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action above and beyond the call of duty in a series of exploits. On 29 November, Lt. Col. Page left X Corps Headquarters at Hamhung with the mission of establishing traffic control on the main supply route to 1st Marine Division positions and those of some Army elements on the Chosin Reservoir plateau. Having completed his mission Lt. Col. Page was free to return to the safety of Hamhung but chose to remain on the plateau to aid an isolated signal station, thus being cut off with elements of the marine division. After rescuing his jeep driver by breaking up an ambush near a destroyed bridge Lt. Col. Page reached the lines of a surrounded marine garrison at Koto-ri. He then voluntarily developed and trained a reserve force of assorted army troops trapped with the marines. By exemplary leadership and tireless devotion he made an effective tactical unit available. In order that casualties might be evacuated, an airstrip was improvised on frozen ground partly outside of the Koto-ri defense perimeter which was continually under enemy attack. During 2 such attacks, Lt. Col. Page exposed himself on the airstrip to direct fire on the enemy, and twice mounted the rear deck of a tank, manning the machine gun on the turret to drive the enemy back into a no man's land. On 3 December while being flown low over enemy lines in a light observation plane, Lt. Col. Page dropped hand grenades on Chinese positions and sprayed foxholes with automatic fire from his carbine. After 10 days of constant fighting the marine and army units in the vicinity of the Chosin Reservoir had succeeded in gathering at the edge of the plateau and Lt. Col. Page was flown to Hamhung to arrange for artillery support of the beleaguered troops attempting to break out. Again Lt. Col. Page refused an opportunity to remain in safety and returned to give every assistance to his comrades. As the column slowly moved south Lt. Col. Page joined the rear guard. When it neared the entrance to a narrow pass it came under frequent attacks on both flanks. Mounting an abandoned tank Lt. Col. Page manned the machine gun, braved heavy return fire, and covered the passing vehicles until the danger diminished. Later when another attack threatened his section of the convoy, then in the middle of the pass, Lt. Col. Page took a machine gun to the hillside and delivered effective counterfire, remaining exposed while men and vehicles passed through the ambuscade. On the night of 10 December the convoy reached the bottom of the pass but was halted by a strong enemy force at the front and on both flanks. Deadly small-arms fire poured into the column. Realizing the danger to the column as it lay motionless, Lt. Col. Page fought his way to the head of the column and plunged forward into the heart of the hostile position. His intrepid action so surprised the enemy that their ranks became disordered and suffered heavy casualties. Heedless of his safety, as he had been throughout the preceding 10 days, Lt. Col. Page remained forward, fiercely engaging the enemy single-handed until mortally wounded. By his valiant and aggressive spirit Lt. Col. Page enabled friendly forces to stand off the enemy. His outstanding courage, unswerving devotion to duty, and supreme self-sacrifice reflect great credit upon Lt. Col. Page and are in the highest tradition of the military service.
    1951 - Paul Harvey begins his national radio broadcast.
http://www.paulharvey.com/
http://www.610wtvn.com/staff/paulharvey/
http://www.klmj.com/harvey.htm
    1952 – Hawaii experiences its first television broadcast.
    1953 - President Eisenhower criticizes McCarthy for saying communists are in Republican Party.
    1953 - "Kismet" opened on Broadway in New York. The show ran for 583 performances.
    1955 - Elvis Presley’s first release on RCA Victor Records was announced. No, it wasn’t "Hound Dog" or "Heartbreak Hotel". The first two sides were actually purchased from Sam Phillips of Sun Records: "Mystery Train" and "I Forgot to Remember to Forget". Elvis was described by his new record company as “The most talked about personality in recorded music in the last 10 years.”
    1956 - Wilt Chamberlain's first collegiate basketball game.  He scored 52 points for Kansas University.
http://www.nba.com/history/chamberlain_bio.html
    1956 - Top Hits
“Singing the Blues” - Guy Mitchell
“Blueberry Hill” - Fats Domino
“True Love” - Bing Crosby & Grace Kelly
“Singing the Blues” - Marty Robbins
    1960 - "Camelot" opened at the Majestic Theatre in New York City. Richard Burton and Julie Andrews played the leading roles in the musical written by Lerner and Loewe. Robert Goulet also got rave reviews. "Camelot" had a run of 873 performances. Broadway went Hollywood in the 1967 film version of "Camelot". Its run was not quite as successful.  Regardless, it became synonymous with the Kennedy years such that after the assassination, the tone of writing usually contained references to the “End of Camelot”.    
    1962 - Roger Hilsman, director of the State Department Bureau of Intelligence and Research, sends a memorandum to Secretary of State Dean Rusk pointing out that the communist Viet Cong fighters are obviously prepared for a long struggle. Hilsman felt that a noncommunist coup against Diem "could occur at any time," and would seriously disrupt or reverse counterinsurgency momentum. As it turned out, Hilsman was eventually proven correct. On November 1, 1963, dissident South Vietnamese generals led a coup resulting in the murder of Diem. His death marked the end of civilian authority and political stability in South Vietnam. The succession of military juntas, coups, and attempted coups in 1964 and early 1965 weakened the government severely and disrupted the momentum of the counterinsurgency effort against the Viet Cong. While the administration had accurate intelligence reports, they ignored them as Lyndon B. Johnson feared being perceived as weak against communist expansion in the Far East.
    1964 - Police arrest 733 sit-in students at University of California at Berkeley following their takeover at the administration building in protest of the UC Regents’ decision to forbid protests on UC property. This is generally considered the start of the Free Speech Movement.  (I helped cover this for KFRC radio, San Francisco, stringing also for UPI audio/AP.)
http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch28.htm
    1964 - Top Hits
“Leader of the Pack” - The Shangri-Las
“She’s Not There” - The Zombies
“Mr. Lonely” - Bobby Vinton
“Once a Day” - Connie Smith
    1965 - Birthday of Olympic gold medal figure skater Katarina Witt, born Falkensee, East Germany.
    1965 - An all-white jury in Alabama convicted three Ku Klux Klansmen over the murder of white civil rights activist Viola Liuzzo.
    1966 - At a time when the airwaves and record charts where dominated by Rock and Roll, a most unusual song called "Winchester Cathedral" by The New Vaudeville Band became the number one tune in the US.
    1967 - Dr. Christian Bernard, a South African surgeon, performed the world's first successful heart transplant at Cape Town, South Africa.
    1967 – The final run of “The 20th Century Limited,” the famed luxury train between Chicago and New York, began.
    1968 - HOLCOMB, JOHN NOBLE, Medal of Honor.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company D, 2d Battalion, 7th Cavalry, 1st Cavalry Division. Place and date: Near Quan Loi, Republic of Vietnam, 3 December 1968. Entered service at: Corvallis, Oregon. Born: 11 June 1946, Baker, Oregon. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Sgt. Holcomb distinguished himself while serving as a squad leader in Company D during a combat assault mission. Sgt. Holcomb's company assault had landed by helicopter and deployed into a hasty defensive position to organize for a reconnaissance-in-force mission when it was attacked from 3 sides by an estimated battalion-size enemy force. Sgt. Holcomb's squad was directly in the path of the main enemy attack. With complete disregard for the heavy fire, Sgt. Holcomb moved among his men giving encouragement and directing fire on the assaulting enemy. When his machine gunner was knocked out, Sgt. Holcomb seized the weapon, ran to a forward edge of the position, and placed withering fire on the enemy. His gallant actions caused the enemy to withdraw. Sgt. Holcomb treated and carried his wounded to a position of safety and reorganized his defensive sector despite a raging grass fire ignited by the incoming enemy mortar and rocket rounds. When the enemy assaulted the position a second time, Sgt. Holcomb again manned the forward machine gun, devastating the enemy attack and forcing the enemy to again break contact and withdraw. During the enemy withdrawal an enemy rocket hit Sgt. Holcomb's position, destroying his machine gun and severely wounding him. Despite his painful wounds, Sgt. Holcomb crawled through the grass fire and exploding mortar and rocket rounds to move the members of his squad, everyone of whom had been wounded, to more secure positions. Although grievously wounded and sustained solely by his indomitable will and courage, Sgt. Holcomb as the last surviving leader of his platoon organized his men to repel the enemy, crawled to the platoon radio and reported the third enemy assault on his position. His report brought friendly supporting fires on the charging enemy and broke the enemy attack. Sgt. Holcomb's inspiring leadership, fighting spirit, in action at the cost of his life were in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit on himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
    1968 – The heralded NBC comeback special of Elvis Presley aired for the first time.
    1968 – With pitchers’ ERAs lowering and batters’ batting averages going in the same direction, Major League Baseball agreed to lower the pitcher's mound to 10" from 15"  and to reduce the strike zone from the knees to shoulders to top of knees to armpits.
    1969 - John Lennon is offered role of Jesus Christ in "Jesus Christ Superstar."
    1971 - The Montreaux Casino caught fire and burned during a show by Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention. The incident was later immortalized by Deep Purple's 1973 hit, "Smoke on the Water". (“…some stupid with a flare gun, burned the place to the ground...")
    1972 - Top Hits
Papa Was a Rollin’ Stone - The Temptations
I Am Woman - Helen Reddy
If You Don’t Know Me by Now - Harold Melvin & The Bluenotes
She’s Too Good to Be True - Charley Pride
    1973 – US spacecraft Pioneer 10 sends back the first close-up images of Jupiter.
    1976 – An assassination of singer/composer Bob Marley failed.  He was shot twice but played a concert only two days later.
    1976 – “Rocky” was released after its successful premiere in NYC.  Sylvester Stallone wrote the script in which he played the lead as Rocky Balboa, a hard-working South Philly boxer looking for his big chance.  The low budget film became a sleeper success and won 10 nominations and three Oscars including Best Picture.  The film has spawned eight sequels: “Rocky II” (1979), “Rocky III” (1982), “Rocky IV” (1985), “Rocky V” (1990), “Rocky Balboa” (2006), “Creed” (2015), ”Creed II” (2018), and “Creed III (2022). Stallone portrays Rocky in the first eight films, wrote six, co-wrote two, and directed four of the six titular installments. it earned $225 million in global box office receipts, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976.  The American Film Institute ranked it the second-best in the genre, after” Raging Bull,” in 2008. In 2006, the Library of Congress selected “Rocky for preservation in the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
    1977 - After eight straight weeks at the top of the Cashbox Magazine Best Sellers chart, Debby Boone's "You Light Up My Life" finally gives way to "Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue" by Crystal Gayle.
    1977 - After 29 weeks in the #1 position on the album charts (a record, literally...), "Rumours," by Fleetwood Mac, was replaced at the top spot by the album "Simple Dreams," sung by Linda Ronstadt.
    1979 - Nearly a dozen young people are killed at concert of the rock band The Who in Cincinnati, Ohio. Eleven victims were trampled to death during a stampede for seats at the Riverfront Coliseum. The band was not informed of the deaths until after the show.
    1979 - Ayatollah Khomeini became the first Supreme Leader of Iran. 
    1980 - Top Hits
“Woman in Love” - Barbra Streisand
“Another One Bites the Dust” - Queen
“He’s So Shy” - Pointer Sisters
“If You Ever Change Your Mind” - Crystal Gayle
    1982 - A soil sample is taken from Times Beach, MO that will be found to contain 300 times the safe level of dioxin.  Over time the EPA condemned the area and homeowners were bought out of their homes by the government, leading to the town's evacuation by 1985 and complete demolition by 1992.
    1984 – A methyl isocyanate leak from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, kills more than 3,800 people outright and injures 150,000–600,000 others (some 6,000 of whom would later die from their injuries) in one of the worst industrial disasters in history. 
    1984 - Miss America 1971, Phyllis George, wife of the Governor of Kentucky who is heir to the Kentucky Fried Chicken fortune, signed a multiyear contract with CBS-TV. Her work as co-anchor of the "CBS Morning News" began in January 1985.
    1986 - Bobby Knight led the Indiana Hoosiers past Notre Dame 67-62. For only the second time in his 22-year basketball-coaching career, Knight relied on a zone defense. He also threatened to throw 20 chairs onto the floor to trip Fighting Irish players, so maybe that had something to do with it, too.
    1988 - Top Hits
Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley (Free Baby) - Will To Power
Look Away - Chicago
How Can I Fail? - Breathe
I Know How He Feels - Reba McEntire
    1989 - Heavy snow and high winds created blizzard conditions in northern New England. Snowfall totals in Maine ranged up to 31 inches, at Limestone. Presque Isle, ME reported a record 30 inches of snow in 24 hours, along with wind gusts to 46 mph.
    1989 - President George H.W. Bush and Soviet leader Gorbachev release statements indicating that the Cold War between NATO and the Soviet Union may be coming to an end.
    1992 - A test engineer for Sema Group uses a personal computer to send the world's first text message via the Vodafone network to the phone of a colleague.
    1994 - "On Bended Knee," by Boyz II Men, hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100. The smash was #1, off and on, thru January 1995.
    2001 - Although Enron has filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the corporation is current on its payments and plans to keep the company's name on Astros' new ballpark, according to Astro officials. The downtown stadium will stay Enron Field as long as Enron continues to exist and makes regular payments on its 30-year, $100 million commitment they stated.   Enron is long gone and the ballpark is now known as Minute Maid Park.
    2002 - Thousands of personnel files released under a court order showed that the Archdiocese of Boston went to great lengths to hide priests accused of abuse, including clergy who allegedly snorted cocaine and had sex with girls aspiring to be nuns.
    2007 - Winter storms cause the Chehalis River to flood many cities in Lewis County, WA, and close a 20-mile portion of I-5 for several days. At least eight deaths and billions of dollars in damages are blamed on the floods.
    2007 - The National Intelligence Estimate (N.I.E.) has judged with a high degree of confidence that Iran halted its nuclear weapons program in 2003. It does, however, assess that Tehran is keeping the option to develop nuclear weapons open. There is confidence that the halt, and Tehran’s announcement of its decision to suspend its declared uranium enrichment program, as well as sign an Additional Protocol to its Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Safeguards Agreement, was made in response to the increasing international scrutiny and pressure on its previously undeclared nuclear work. Iran has welcomed the N.I.E. report that suggests that its government is not trying to develop nuclear weapons at this time.
    2013 - A law that banned plastic guns that were undetectable in metal detectors was set to expire by the end of the year unless the US Congress passed it again. The US House passed it on November 3rd and the US Senate passed it on December 10th. The law requires all plastic guns to have at least one metal part that cannot be removed in the firing mechanism. Gun control advocates were hoping to expand the law.
    2014 - Darren Wilson, the police officer who shot dead unarmed Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, resigned from the force.  On March 4, 2015, the federal investigation cleared Wilson of civil rights violations in the shooting. The investigation concluded there was no evidence upon which prosecutors could rely to disprove Wilson's asserted belief that he feared for his safety, that witnesses who contradicted Wilson were not credible, that forensic evidence and credible witnesses corroborated Wilson's account, and that the facts did not support the filing of criminal charges against Wilson. Credible witnesses did not support accounts that Brown had his hands up in surrender. He was not shot in the back. Forensic evidence showed he was moving toward Wilson. Numerous witnesses were found to have given accounts of actions they were unable to see from their vantage points, or to be recounting others' accounts.
    2014 - Protests erupt in cities across the US after a grand jury decides not to charge the New York City police officer who killed Eric Garner with a chokehold.
    2016 - US army decides it will not allow an oil pipeline to be built in North Dakota, after months of protests by The Standing Rock Sioux Tribe.
    2019 – Google co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin announced they are stepping down from roles at the parent company, Alphabet.
    2020 - AT&T Inc’s Warner Bros studio announces all its 2021 movies will stream online the same day they appear in theatres because of the pandemic.

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SuDoku

The object is to insert the numbers in the boxes to satisfy only one condition: each row, column and 3x3 box must contain the digits 1 through 9 exactly once. What could be simpler?

https://sudoku.com/

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Daily Puzzle

How to play:
http://www.setgame.com/set/puzzle_frame.htm

Refresh for current date:
http://www.setgame.com/set/puzzle_frame.htm

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http://www.gasbuddy.com/
http://www.gasbuddy.com/GB_Map_Gas_Prices.aspx
http://www.gasbuddy.com/GB_Mobile_Instructions.aspx

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Weather

See USA map, click to specific area, no commercials

http://www.weather.gov/

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Traffic Live---

Real Time Traffic Information

You can save up to 20 different routes and check them out with one click,
or type in a new route to learn the traffic live

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Wordle

https://www.powerlanguage.co.uk/wordle/

How to Play
https://www.today.com/popculture/popculture/wordle-know-popular-online-word-game-rcna11056

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