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######## surrounding the article denotes it is a “press release,” it was not written by Leasing News nor has the information been verified. The source noted. When an article is signed by the writer, it is considered a “byline.” It reflects the opinion and research of the writer.

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What is your Number?
By Scott Wheeler, CLFP

Every originator in the commercial equipment leasing and finance industry has a number.

What is your number?
What is your desired income for this year with an improving economy?

The good news is that, as sales professionals, originators control their own destiny. Most are paid by delivering results and outperforming their goals. Top performing originators know that their primary responsibility is to fill their pipeline with opportunities which match their capabilities. Here are some reverse-engineered questions to help you reach your number:

1) What production number do you need to deliver in order to
achieve your desired income?

2) How many transactions do you need to fund in order to reach
that production number (total production divided by average
size transactions)?

3) What is your funding ratio to applications submitted? (If you
fund 50% of deals submitted, then you need to submit 20
applications in order to fund 10 transactions.)

4) How many leads do you need to generate one application?
(If you need to find two leads in order to generate 1 application,
then you need 40 leads a month to generate the above
mentioned 20 applications. This would equate to two leads
every day - one in the morning and one in the afternoon.)

5) How many calls do you need to make every day in order to
generate two leads a day. (If you truly want to make your
desired income, you know exactly what it requires on a daily
basis.)

There is only one person that controls your ability to meet your desired number and that person is you. By reverse engineering your activities, you know exactly what it takes on a daily basis to achieve your desired results.

Scott A. Wheeler, CLFP
Wheeler Business Consulting
1314 Marquis Ct.
Fallston, Maryland 21047
Phone: 410 877 0428
Fax: 410 877 8161
Email: scott@wheelerbusinessconsulting.com
Web: www.wheelerbusinessconsulting.com

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New Hires/Promotions in the Leasing Business
and Related Industries

Vince DePietro named President Integrity Capital Solutions, Lansdale, Pennsylvania. Previously, he was Vice President of Sales, Partners Capital Group (August, 2020 - June, 2021); Major Accounts Business Development, Marlin Capital Solutions (April, 2014 - August, 2020); Business Development Manager, De Lage Landen Finance Services (September, 2009 - April, 2014); Executive Vice President, Kelly & Thomas Associates (September, 2004 - September, 2009). Education: Drexel University, Bachelor of business Administration (B.B.A.) (1989 - 1995). https://www.linkedin.com/in/vince-depietro-737821132/

Christopher DePriest was hired as Regional Sales Manager, Equify Financial, Fort Worth, Texas. He is located in the Greater Phoenix, Arizona Area. Previously, he was Commercial Sales Manager, Balboa Capital (July, 2015 - May, 2021); Head of Company Outreach, Enactus (January, 2015 - May, 2015); Co-Project Manager and Research Associate, Energized Solutions, LLC (June, 2014 - January, 2015). Education: Whittier College, Bachelor of Arts (BA), Business Administration, Management and Operations, 3.30. (2011 - 2015). Activities and Societies: Member of Enactus. Desert Vista High School (2007 - 2011).
https://www.linkedin.com/in/christopher-depriest-1b050148/

Tracey Elfering, CLFP, was promoted to Documentation and Titling Manager, Oakmont Capital Services (OCS), West Chester, Pennsylvania. ". Her new responsibilities include overseeing both the documentation and title departments. Regarding documentation, she will ensure documents are being generated promptly and accurately. She’ll also keep current with E-doc procedures, update OCS contracts, and communicate with lenders on changes in documentation requirements, plus work closely with OCS’ Documentation and Insurance teams. For titling, she will oversee the execution of the title packages, making sure that customers and lenders receive titles promptly. She will be responsible for all title follow-ups and any corrections necessary while staying current in her knowledge of all the different state title requirements and keeping OCS’ ELTs up to date." She is located in Paynesville, Minnesota. She joined Oakmont Capital Services June, 2018. Previously, she was Documentation/Titling Manger, Stearns Bank N.A. (April, 2000 - June, 2018) Office Manager, Jacklitch Chiropractic Clinic (July, 1998 - April, 2000); Loan Clerk Central Minnesota Federal Credit Union (September, 1995 - February, 1998); General Manger, Central Group Companies (May, 1994 - November, 1994); Assistant Manager, VFW Post 936 (June, 1989 - May, 1994). Certifications: Certified Leasing and Finance Professional. Issued May, 2019. Education: Alexandria Technical and Community College, Bachelor's degree, Management (1988 - 1990). https://www.linkedin.com/in/tracey-elfering-clfp-079469ab/

Brando Finazzo was hired as Head of Healthcare Solutions, Panacea Finance, Little Rock, Arkansas. He is located in Austin, Texas. Previously, he was Senior Business Development Manager, Wells Fargo (January, 2015 - June, 2021); Vice President, Healthcare Solutions, Citi (October, 2013 - January, 2015); AVP, Business Banking Officer U.S. Bank (March, 2010 - October, 2013); Account Executive (March, 2008 - March, 2010); BT, Glen Annie Golf Club (2001 - 2006).
https://www.linkedin.com/in/brandon-finazzo/

Jean Foulds, CLFP, was promoted to Funding Manager, Oakmont Capital Services, West Chester Pennsylvania. She joined the firm October, 2010. "Her expanded responsibilities include overseeing the funding process, checking in docs, communicating with the sales team on funding status, creating funding packages, requesting wires, and sending out notifications on prefunded and funded transactions. She will also be working closely with the document, titling, and insurance teams to ensure the funding process is smooth and complete." Previously, she was a Teacher, Nobel Learning Communities (September, 2008 - October, 2010); Fan Development, Philadelphia Flyers (October, 2000 - May, 2010); Data Specialist, YMCA (June, 2000 - July, 2007). Licenses and Certifications: Certified Lease and Finance Professional, CLFP Foundation, Issued April 2019). Notary Public Pennsylvania Association of Notaries. Issued November, 2014. Expires: November, 2022. Effective Communications and Human Relations, Dale Carnegie Training. Education: Penn State University. Unionville High School (1996 - 2000).
https://www.linkedin.com/in/jen-foulds-3652b16a

Natalie Jeanson was hired as Senior Credit Analyst, CWB National Leasing, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Previously, she was Credit Analyst, National Leasing Group, Inc. (March, 2015 - June, 2021); Financial Service Advisor, Caisse Financial Group (April, 2011 - March, 2015). Education: University of Manitoba, B.A., Linguistics (2003 -2009).
https://www.linkedin.com/in/natalie-jeanson-b32884a0/

Eric Miller was hired as Chief Executive Officer at BCI Capital Corporation, New York, New York. Previously, he was at CIT Bank starting March 2015, Managing Director and Group Head, Capital Equipment Finance; promoted February, 2019, Managing Director and Group Head, Capital Equipment Finance, Logistics; promoted July 2019, President, Asset Finance. Prior, he was at GE Capital, starting January, 2003, Vice President Senior Account Executive; promoted February, 2004, Managing Director, Region Sales Leader. AVP, Account Executive, Wells Fargo (January, 2001 - February, 2003). Education: University at Albany, SUNY (1992 - 1996). https://www.linkedin.com/in/e-miller/#

Tyler Shivers was promoted to Credit Analyst, Navitas Credit Corporation, Columbia, South Carolina Officer. He joined the firm June, 2019 as Manager Trainee. Education: Rowan University, Bachelor of Applied Science, BASc, Accounting and Finance (2017 - 2019). Rowan College at Gloucester County (2015 - 2016). Rowan University, Accounting.
https://www.linkedin.com/in/tyler-shivers-146226132/

Help Wanted Ads

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Sales Makes it Happen by Steve Chriest

Anger and the 80% Rule

All of us have, at one time or another, encountered a lease customer or a co-worker who became angry as we negotiated with them about business or company matters. The most successful negotiators recognize the basis of anger and what to do when they encounter someone who is angry. I am going to pass on to you the "80% rule."

First, it's important to understand what drives people to anger. According to psychological studies, there are three primary causes of anger:

fear
hurt
frustration

People exhibit anger when they are afraid of something, when they are hurting for some reason, or when they are simply frustrated.

The customer who becomes angry because she cannot obtain the low, implicit interest rate that her boss asked her to secure from your company is not angry because of the higher interest rate. That's just a number. The cause of her anger is most likely the fear she feels when she contemplates telling her boss she failed to secure the low interest rate he wanted.

If, for some reason beyond your control, you aren't able to provide a service to a long-time customer, he or she may perceive your failure to help as a sign of themselves and their company's diminished importance to you and your company. Their feelings may be hurt in this process. These hurt feelings can manifest as anger directed toward you or your company.

Sometimes people express anger simply out of frustration. I've often observed that no one appears upset, irritated or really angry when things are going their way! When a client or co-worker faces one too many obstacles in a day, their increasing frustrations may result in a display of anger directed at anyone within shouting distance.

Although there are three primary drivers of anger, sometimes anger isn't driven by fear, hurt or frustration. In some negotiations, like labor contract talks, anger is used by experienced negotiators as a favorite tactic to coerce, intimidate and threaten the other side. This manufactured anger has become part of the way the labor contract negotiation game is played.

Some leasing applicants use the same ploy to obtain a better deal.

Whatever the source of someone's anger, it's important to remember that your reaction determines, to a large degree, how the negotiation proceeds and ends. According to research done at the Harvard Negotiation Project, there is an 80% chance that you can influence, and even control the atmosphere and tone of a negotiation simply by mirroring the behavior you want from your negotiating partners.

If you find yourself negotiating with someone who is angry, or irritated, and you want to control the tone of the negotiation, don't buy into their anger or frustration. Instead, remain calm, and listen carefully to what your negotiation partner says. At some point, in 80% of all cases, your negotiating partner will calm down and will begin to mirror your behavior. Very few people will argue with themselves or maintain anger when there is no reaction from the other side of the table!

In tough negotiations, remember the 80% rule. By definition, it doesn't always work, but knowing that you have an 80% chance of controlling the tone and atmosphere in any negotiation, simply by mirroring the behavior you want from you negotiating partners, keeps the 80% rule on your side!

About the author: Steve Chriest is the founder of Selling UpTM (www.selling-up.com), a sales consulting firm specializing in sales improvement for organizations of all types and sizes in a variety of industries. He is also the author of Selling the E-Suite, The Proven System for Reaching and Selling Senior Executives and Five Minute Financial Analyst, Basic CREDIT & Analysis Tools for Non-Accountants. He was the CEO of a very successful leasing company and executive at a major company. You can reach Steve at schriest@selling-up.com.

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Ransomware Attack Hits Nantucket,
Martha's Vineyard Ferry Service

Passengers planning to make their way over to the islands of Martha’s Vineyard or Nantucket on Wednesday could see delays due to a ransomware attack, The Steamship Authority said Wednesday.

The Steamship Authority is the largest ferry service to the Massachusetts Islands of Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket from Cape Cod.

“The Woods Hole, Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket Steamship Authority has been the target of a ransomware attack that is affecting operations as of Wednesday morning,” the ferry operator said in a statement. “As a result, customers traveling with us today may experience delays.”

The company said that a team of IT professionals was assessing the impact of the attack and that additional information would be provided upon completion of the initial assessment.

The web-based online reservations system is currently unavailable, and phone-based reservations are also offline. A reservations agent told SecurityWeek that the reservations system "had crashed" and that they were “hoping” to be back and running by 12PM (ET).

Just after 12PM ET, the Steamship Authority Tweeted that all ferries were operating, but reservations systems still appeared to be offline.

News of the attack comes just days after a US subsidiary of the world’s largest meat processing company was hit by a disruptive ransomware attack.

Source: Securityweek.com

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California Department of Tax Revenues & Fees
Reports Cannabis Tax Revenues for 1st Quarter 20210

Full Return Reporting Expected in August 2021

Sacramento – The California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) reported revenue numbers today for cannabis sales for the 1st Quarter of 2021. As of May 18, 2021, California’s cannabis excise tax generated $131.9 million in revenue reported on the 1st Quarter 2021 returns and the cultivation tax generated $30.7 million.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all but the largest taxpayers were given a three-month extension to file their 1st Quarter 2021 tax returns with CDTFA. These returns are now due August 2, 2021. Revisions to 1st Quarter 2021 data will be released in mid-August with the 2nd Quarter 2021 revenue numbers. Additional information on the relief offered due to the COVID-19 pandemic can be found at COVID-19 State of Emergency.

Sales tax from cannabis businesses totaled $82.4 million in revenue for the same period. Sales tax applies to sales of cannabis, cannabis products, and other tangible personal property. Certain retail sales of medicinal cannabis are exempt from sales and use taxes when the purchaser provides, at the time of purchase, a valid Medical Marijuana Identification Card issued by the California Department of Public Health and a valid government-issued identification card.

Total tax revenue reported by the cannabis industry is $245 million for 1st Quarter returns. This does not include tax revenue collected by each jurisdiction. Previously reported revenue for 4th Quarter 2020 returns was revised to $300.9 million, which included $151.7 million in cannabis excise tax, $41.6 million in cultivation tax, and $107.6 million in sales tax. Revisions to quarterly data are the result of amended and late returns, and other tax return adjustments. Cannabis tax revenue data is available on the CDTFA Open Data Portal.

Since January 2018, total program revenue to date is $2.38 billion, which includes $1.2 billion in cannabis excise tax, $298.4 million in cultivation tax, and $882.7 million in sales tax.

In November 2016, California voters approved Proposition 64, the Control, Regulate, and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act. Beginning on January 1, 2018, two new cannabis taxes went into effect: a cultivation tax on all harvested cannabis that enters the commercial market and a 15 percent cannabis excise tax upon purchasers of cannabis and cannabis products. In addition, retail sales of cannabis and cannabis products are subject to state and local sales tax. To learn more, visit the Tax Guide for Cannabis Businesses on the CDTFA website.

The California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) administers California’s sales and use, fuel, tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis taxes, as well as a variety of other taxes and fees that fund specific state programs. CDTFA-administered programs account for over $73 billion annually, which in turn supports local essential services such as transportation, public safety and health, libraries, schools, social services, and natural resource management programs through the distribution of tax dollars going directly to local communities.

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Watch at Home:
Fernando's Reviews

With a vision that mixed stylistic minimalism with emotional intensity, Monte Hellman (1929-2021) was one of the most offbeat, uncompromising and rewarding filmmakers to emerge from the New Hollywood of the Sixties and Seventies. Check out the best films from this unique talent.

Ride in the Whirlwind (1966): Half of the sagebrush double-bill Hellman directed in 1966, this Western pares the genre’s tropes down to the minimalistic bone. The story follows a luckless trio of cowboys, Wes (Jack Nicholson), Vern (Cameron Mitchell) and Otis (Tom Filer), as they come across a gang of stagecoach robbers. A brush with the law has them mistaken for criminals, and, following a shootout, Wes and Vern find themselves on the run with a posse of vigilantes on their trail. They take refuge in a cabin belonging to a farmer (George Mitchell) and his family, but gradually they realize their time is running out. Shot in the Utah desert for legendary low-budget impresario Roger Corman, Hellman’s film is a work of immense frontier authenticity and existential moodiness.

The Shooting (1966): Filmed back-to-back with “Ride in the Whirlwind,” this enigmatic Western is every bit as astringent and mesmerizing. Former bounty hunter Willet (Warren Oates) and dim cowpoke Coley (Will Hutchins) wander the desert as they meet a mysterious woman (Millie Perkins), who offers to pay them to accompany her through the wasteland. Their journey under the blasting sun is further complicated by the woman’s opaque motives, and by the sudden appearance of a mercurial gunslinger named Billy Spear (Jack Nicholson). Suggesting Beckett or Kafka on the range, Hellman has the familiar signs of the Western rearranged as if in a dream. Challenging but richly rewarding, this is a vision at once stark and hallucinatory, and a marked influence on the unorthodox sagas of Sam Peckinpah and Jim Jarmush.

Two-Lane Blacktop (1971): Arguably Hellman’s best-known film, this absorbing cult movie beautifully embodies the filmmaker’s searching approach, as well as the daring gambits of the New Hollywood of the early 1970s. The plot concerns a race between souped-up cars down the American Southwest, waged between a nameless driver (played by songwriter James Taylor) and a nameless mechanic (Beach Boys drummer David Wilson). Along the way they pick up a young hitchhiker (the memorably spacy Laurie Bird), who heightens the tension between the two men. The film gets a marvelous shot of energy from Hellman favorite Warren Oates, playing an abrasive wanderer known as G.T.O. An art film disguised as a drive-in movie, it abounds in laconic dialogue, expressive landscapes and romantic doom. The result is an indelible snapshot of loneliness and obsession.

Cockfighter (1974): Typically offbeat and uncompromising, this is a flavorsome portrait of an eccentric rambler who might be Hellman himself. Warren Oates stars as Frank Mansfield, a trainer of fighting roosters who has taken a vow of silence until one of his birds wins the contest. Having lost most of his belongings to a fellow cockfight specialist (Harry Dean Stanton), he decides to visit his hometown, where he encounters his longtime fiancée, Mary Elizabeth (Patricia Pearcy). It’s there that Frank finds himself at a crossroads between settling down with her, and continuing to pursue a cockfighting tournament with a local man named Omar (Richard B. Shull). Finding a whole subculture in these seedy underground arenas, Hellman’s one-of-a-kind film is full of fascinating detail and pungent atmosphere.

Road to Nowhere (2010): After an almost twenty-year long absence, Hellman returned to the big screen with this tantalizing, enigmatic thriller. Set behind the scenes of a movie production, it weaves together a series of plot strands that evocatively mingle real world and the cinematic world, reality and fantasy. At its center is the slippery relationship that grows between the film's director Mitchell (Tygh Runyan) and his comely main actress Laurie (Shannyn Sossamon), who's playing the part of a fugitive criminal but, in a twist, may be the actual criminal herself. Characters from both the film's production and from the authorities step in and out of the narrative, a reflexive welter that showcases Hellman’s genius for melancholy poetry and deadpan humor. A fitting final film for this unique artist.

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This Day in History

     1539 - Hernando De Soto claimed Florida for Spain.
    1540 – De Soto became the first European to cross the Appalachian Mountains.
    1621 - The Dutch West India Company received a charter for New Netherlands, now known as New York.
    1770 - Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was founded as the second California mission to the Indians.
http://www.californiamissions.com/cahistory/sancarlos.html
http://missions.bgmm.com/index.htm
    1781 - Jack Jouett (1754-1822) made a heroic 45-mile ride on horseback during the night of June 3-4, to warn Virginia Governor Thomas Jefferson and the legislature that the British were coming. Jouett rode from a tavern in Louisa County to Charlottesville, VA, in about 6½ hours, arriving at Jefferson's home at dawn on June 4. Lieutenant Colonel Tarleton's British forces raided Charlottesville, but Jouett's warning gave the Americans time to escape.
http://www.ushistory.com/jouett.htm
    1784 - Congress formally created the United States Army to replace the disbanded Continental Army. On June 14, 1775, the Second Continental Congress had created the Continental Army for purposes of common defense and this event is considered to be the birth of the United States Army.
     1800 - John Adams, the second president of the United States, becomes the first president to reside in Washington, D.C., when he takes up residence at Union Tavern in Georgetown. The city of Washington was created to replace Philadelphia as the nation's capital because of its geographical position in the center of the existing new republic. The states of Maryland and Virginia ceded land around the Potomac River to form the District of Columbia, and work began on Washington in 1791. French architect Charles L'Enfant designed the city's radical layout, full of dozens of circles, crisscross avenues, and plentiful parks.
    1808 - Birthday of Jefferson Davis (1808-89) at Todd County, KY. American statesman, US Senator, and only president of the Confederate States of America. Imprisoned May 10, 1865-May 13, 1867, but never brought to trial, deprived of rights of citizenship after the Civil War. His citizenship was restored, posthumously, October 17, 1978, when President Carter signed an Amnesty Bill. This bill, he said, “officially completes the long process of reconciliation that has reunited our people following the tragic conflict between the states. “ Davis' birthday anniversary is observed in Florida, Kentucky, and South Carolina on this day, in Alabama on the first Monday in June and in Mississippi on the last Monday in May. Davis's birth anniversary is observed as Confederate Memorial Day in Tennessee. US highway 1 is Jefferson Davis Highway in Alexandria, VA.
http://www.beauvoir.org/
    1851 - First Baseball Uniforms: The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club of New York City donned the sport's first uniforms: straw hats, blue full-length trousers and white shirts.
    1856 - Cullen Whipple of Providence, RI obtained a patent for a screw machine to make pointed screws. Prior to this invention, screws were blunt on their threaded ends, and it was necessary to bore a hole in order to insert them.
    1856 - Gov. Johnson proclaimed San Francisco in a state of insurrection because of Committee of Vigilance activities and ordered all persons subject to military duty to report to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman to quell the insurrection.
    1860 - The Great Comanche Tornado began its deadly trek near Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and ended its journey over Lake Michigan. 175 people lost their lives and 329 were injured. The town of Comanche, Iowa, on the Mississippi River, was destroyed. Total damage was 945,000 dollars (note - 1860 dollars).
    1861 – In the first Civil War land battle, the Union defeated the Confederacy at Philippi, WV. The First Battle of Bull Run occurred on July 21.
    1862 - Haiti and Liberia were recognized as nations by the United States.
    1863 - Gen. Lee, with 75,000 Confederates, launched a second invasion of the North. Lee led his troops into Maryland and then Pennsylvania, to meet the Army of the Potomac again, this time around a small town called Gettysburg.
    1864 – Birthday of Ransom Olds (1864-1950) in Geneva, OH. A pioneer of the automotive industry for whom both the Oldsmobile and REO brands were named, he claimed to have built his first steam car as early as 1894 and his first gasoline–powered car in 1896. The modern assembly line and its basic concept are credited to Olds, who used it to build the first mass-produced automobile, the Oldsmobile Curved Dashboard, beginning in 1901.
    1864 - Battle of Cold Harbor. Although Confederate General Robert E. Lee had placed his troops behind considerable breastworks, Union General Ulysses S. Grant launched an all-out attack on the Southern army. More than 7,000 Federal troops were killed within a half hour of the battle on the first attack. General Lee won his last victory over Union forces, numbering 108,000 against 59,000. 1500 Confederate troops were also killed. In an eight–minute period, more men fell in an assault on entrenched Confederate troops than in any other like period of time. After a second unsuccessful attack, Grant's orders for a third assault were all but ignored. Grant had new and ill-trained troops, and his battle plan was not carried out by his officers. Compounding this was the battlefield tradition held that the first commander who sought a truce in order to tend to the wounded was the loser. Grant refused to admit defeat by seeking such a truce and the wounded were left on the ground for three days following the battle. General Lee also refused to be the first to go after his wounded, and therefore thousands of wounded men from both sides died either from their wounds, hunger, thirst or exposure. Between May 7 and June 3, federal losses were 50,000 men, Confederate 32,000. The North could replace its losses fully, especially paying for troops, many of them immigrants from Europe, but the South could not.
(Bottom half of http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jun03.html ) http://saints.css.edu/mkelsey/cold.html
http://civilwar.bluegrass.net/battles-campaigns/1864/640601-03b.html
    1877 - Elizabeth Fires Lummis Ellet (1818-77) died in NYC. She was an author and historian who used primary and direct research for her monumental three-volume “Women of the American Revolution” (1848), and the “Pioneers of the American West” (1852) as well as other books about women.  http://chnm.gmu.edu/dimenovels/authors/fleming.html
    1884 - The first national political convention of a major party that was presided over by an African-American, met in the Exposition Building, Chicago, IL. John Roy Lynch, an African-American politician who has served three terms as a congressman from Mississippi, was nominated for temporary chairman of the Republican Party by Henry Cabot Lodge. The nomination was supported by Theodore Roosevelt and George William Curtis, and was carried by a vote of 424 for Lynch to 384 for Powell Clayton. The convention nominated James Gillespie Blaine for President and General John Alexander Logan for Vice President. On November 4th, Grover Cleveland was elected President of the United Sates and Thomas A. Hendricks was elected Vice-President. The electoral vote was Cleveland, 219, James G. Blaine, Republican of Maine, 182. The popular vote was Cleveland, 4,911,017 and Blaine 4,848,224. A very interesting presidential election as it was fought mainly with attacks on the reputation of the rival candidates. The Republican candidate, James G. Blaine, on the basis of letters he had written, was accused of having profited from the Credit Moblier scandal involving the building of the Union Pacific Railroad. His opponents sang: “Blaine, Blaine, James G. Blaine, the continual liar from the state of Maine.” The Democratic candidate, Grover Cleveland, was accused of having fathered an illegitimate child, which in his forthright manner, he admitted. The turning point of the election was a remark made on October 9 by the Rev. Samuel D. Burchard in New York, in the presence of Blaine, that the Democrats were the party of “Rum, Romanism and Rebellion.” Blaine did not disavow the remark, and the Irish-American Roman Catholics of New York were outraged. Cleveland carried the state by 1149 votes and thereby won the election. In 1888, President Grover Cleveland did not campaign, saying it was beneath the dignity of the office of the president. Benjamin Harrison, the Republican candidate, brought the front porch campaign to its peak, and won.
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.com/jrlynch.htm
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0226498182/
inktomi-df1-2-20/104-3603723-3237564
    1871 – Jesse James and his gang robbed the Obocock Bank, Corydon, Iowa of $15,000.
    1880 - Alexander Graham Bell transmitted the first wireless telephone message on his newly-invented "photophone.” The photophone functioned similarly to the telephone, except the photophone used light as a means of projecting the information, while the telephone relied on electricity. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jun03.html
    1886 - Grover Cleveland became the first U.S. President to get married in the White House. He exchanged vows with his bride, Florence Folsom. His bride was 27 years his junior. While he ran for a second term, he did not campaign, but stayed in the White House with his young bride. He lost. But he ran again in 1892, this time, he campaigned, and he won. The only president to lose his office and then win it back again.
    1888 - "Casey at the Bat," by Ernest Lawrence Thayer, first appears in print, in the San Francisco Examiner. Thayer and the Examiner’s owner, William Randolph Hearst, were Harvard classmates.
    1889 - The first long-distance electric power transmission line in the United States was completed, running 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, OR.
    1902 – St. Louis Cardinals P Mike O’Neill hit the first pinch grand slam ever in the Majors, against the Boston Beaneaters. He also becomes the first pitcher in the National League to hit a grand slam in the 20th century.
    1904 - Birthday of Charles Drew (1904-50) at Washington, DC. Physician who discovered how to store blood plasma and who organized the blood bank system in the US and UK during World War II. He was killed in an automobile accident near Burlington, NC, April 1, 1950.
http://dearborn.boston.k12.ma.us/gr7c.htm
http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/drew_c.htm
    1906 - Birthday of Josephine Baker (1906-75), born Freda Josephine McDonald in St. Louis, Missouri.   She moved to France because she was a black Lesbian and received better acceptance in Europe. The very popular Parisian chanteuse known as "Le Jazz Hot" was a heroine of French resistance in World War II. She received Legion d'Honneur and the rarer Medaille de la Resistance from French President Charles de Gaulle for her work during World War II on behalf of France. She acted as a courier when she toured North Africa and other places as she sang and performed for Allied troops. She adopted 19 children, all from different nationalities. In later life, when her money ran out and she was evicted from her home in France, Princess Grace of Monaco (formerly Grace Kelly of Philadelphia and Hollywood) gave her a villa in Monaco and financed her new act “Josephine '75” to celebrate her 50 years in Paris. She died in her sleep after 14 performances. After the war, she had returned to the U.S. to try again but faced such racial discrimination for her act at the Stork Club that she returned to France where she was an honored entertainer and admired hero.
http://www.cmgww.com/stars/baker/
http://www.jerryjazzmusician.com/mainHTML.cfm?page=eanwood.html
    1910 – Paulette Goddard (1910-90) was born in Queens or Long Island. A Ziegfeld Girl, she became a major star of Paramount in the 1940s. Her most notable films were her first major role, as Charlie Chaplin’s leading lady in “Modern Times”, and Chaplin's subsequent film “The Great Dictator”. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in “So Proudly We Hail” (1943).
    1911 - Jean Harlow (1911-37) was born Harlean Harlow Carpenter in Kansas City, MO. She was the original blond sex-queen of Hollywood who was haunted by a chaotic private life. She died when her mother, as an abiding by Christian Scientist, refused to send her to a hospital for kidney failure. Her kidneys had been injured by a former husband who then shot himself. Her persona in the movies was a wise-cracking blond bombshell with a heart of gold.
http://www.jeanharlow.com/
    1911 - Birthday of trumpet player Yank Lawson (1911-95), Trenton, Mo.
http://www.jazzhall.org/jazz.cgi?@LAWSONYANK
http://www.landing.com/profiles/yank.htm
    1911 - "Come Josephine in My Flying Machine" hit #1.
    1916 - Gloria Martin (1916-95) was born. Seattle author and militant socialist-feminist who attempted to weld the two into one movement through “Radical Women” (1967). The working mother of eight, she fought for poor women, women of color, abortion rights, etc., in an unabashed manner that called for women to train and organize to get their needs taken care of. http://www.socialism.com/library/glormatr.html
http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/45/115.html
    1916 – The National Defense Act established the Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) and increased the size of the National Guard by 450,000 men.
    1916 - The first Jewish Supreme Court Justice, Louis Dembitz Brandeis of Boston, MA, was sworn in two days after receiving Senate confirmation. He served until 1939. http://www.library.brandeis.edu/SpecialCollections/SpecialEvents/Brandeis/
http://www.louisville.edu/library/law/brandeis/
    1916 – One of the Bowery Boys, Leo Gorcey (1916-69), was born in NYC. He became famous for portraying on film the leader of the group of young hooligans known variously as the Dead End Kids, The East Side Kids, and The Bowery Boys.
    1918 – The Supreme Court, in Hammer v. Dagenhart, ruled child labor laws unconstitutional.
    1920 - John Lewis’ (1920-2001) birthday in LaGrange, IL. Jazz pianist, composer and arranger, best known as the musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet.
http://www.allaboutjazz.com/bios/jxlbio.htm
http://www.allaboutjazz.com/reviews/r0200_028.htm
    1921 - A cloudburst near Pikes Peak, CO killed 120 people. Pueblo, CO was flooded by a twenty-five foot crest of the Arkansas River, killing 70 persons. Fourteen inches of rain was reported at Boggs Flat, where a hard surface road through nearly level country was washed out to a depth of seven feet
    1924 – Jimmy Rogers (1924-97) was born in Ruleville, MS. A Chicago blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player, he is best known for his work as a member of Muddy Waters’' band of the 1950s. He also had solo hits on the R&B chart with "That's All Right" in 1950 and "Walking by Myself" in 1954.
    1925 – Tony Curtis (1925-2010) was born Bernard Schwartz in The Bronx. A film actor whose career spanned six decades, he had his greatest popularity during the 1950s and early 1960s. He acted in more than 100 films in roles covering a wide range of genres, from light comedy to serious drama. In his later years, Curtis made numerous television appearances. Among his work: “The Sweet Smell of Success,” “The Defiant Ones,” “Some Like It Hot,” “Spartacus,” “The Boston Strangler.” Among his children is actress Jamie Lee Curtis, born to Curtis and then-wife Janet Leigh.
    1925 – Eddie Collins became the sixth Major Leaguer to get 3,000 hits.
    1925 - Goodyear airship "Pilgrim" made its first flight, the first with an enclosed cabin.
    1926 - Birthday of Allen Ginsberg (1926-97), Newark, NJ. Poet of the Beat Generation (“Howl”).
http://www.levity.com/corduroy/ginsberg/home.htm
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0603.html
    1927 - Birthday of tenor saxophonist Boots Randolph (1927-2007), Paducah, KY. Best known for his 1963 saxophone hit "Yakety Sax," which became Benny Hill’s signature tune, Randolph was a major part of the "Nashville Sound" for most of his professional career.
http://www.bootsrandolph.com/
    1929 – Chuck Barris (d. 2017) was born in Philadelphia. He is best known for hosting “The Gong Show” and creating “The Dating Game” and “The Newlywed Game.” He was also a songwriter who wrote the hit "Palisades Park” for Freddy ‘Boom-Boom’ Cannon, and the author of “Confessions of a Dangerous Mind,” his autobiography, which became a film directed by George Clooney.
    1932 - Birthday of vocalist Dakota Staton (d. 2007), Pittsburgh, Pa
http://www.interstatecd.com/bio/biopage.P+++++7606.html
    1932 - Lou Gehrig became the first American League player to hit four home runs in one game, doing so in a 20-13 New York Yankees victory over the Philadelphia Athletics. Gehrig hit his homers in four consecutive at bats and narrowly missed a fifth. His teammate, Tony Lazzeri, hit for the cycle.
    1936 - Bestselling novelist Larry McMurtry (d. 2021) was born in Archer City, Texas. He is known for his 1975 novel “Terms of Endearment,” his 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “Lonesome Dove,” a historical saga that follows ex-Texas Rangers as they drive their cattle from the Rio Grande to a new home in the frontier of Montana. He also co-wrote the adapted screenplay for “Brokeback Mountain.” “Lonesome Dove” was adapted into a television miniseries and both the films of “Term of Endearment” and “Brokeback Mountain” won Academy awards.
http://www.library.swt.edu/swwc/archives/writers/mcmurtry.html
http://www.cars101.com/McMurtry.html
    1937 – Negro Leaguer and Baseball Hall of Fame catcher Josh Gibson almost hit one out of Yankee Stadium, coming within 2 feet of the roof.
    1942 - Curtis Mayfield (1942-99), a driving force in black music as singer, writer, producer and record company owner, was born in Chicago. Mayfield formed the Impressions in the late 1950's with singer Jerry Butler. When their first single, "For Your Precious Love," was a huge hit in 1958, Butler left for a solo career and Mayfield joined him as a guitarist. Mayfield reformed the Impressions in 1961, and led the group during its greatest years. He wrote many of their hits, including their biggest, "It's All Right," in 1963. Mayfield left the Impressions in 1970 and formed his own record and publishing company, Curtom. He had the biggest hit of his career in 1972 with the soundtrack to the film "Superfly." It made number one on the Billboard chart. Mayfield was paralyzed in 1990 when a light standard fell on him before a concert.
http://www.rockhall.com/hof/inductee.asp?id=150
http://www.warr.org/mayfield.html
    1943 - A mob of 60 from the Los Angeles Naval Reserve Armory beat up everyone perceived to be Hispanic, starting the week-long Zoot Suit Riots.
    1944 - *JOHNSON, ELDEN H., Medal of Honor
Rank and organization: Private, U.S. Army, 15th Infantry, 3d Infantry Division. Place and date: Near Valmontone, Italy, 3 June 1944. Entered service at: East Weymouth, Mass. Birth: Bivalve, N.J. G.O. No.: 38, 16 May 1945. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty. Pvt. Johnson elected to sacrifice his life in order that his comrades might extricate themselves from an ambush. Braving the massed fire of about 60 riflemen, 3 machineguns, and 3 tanks from positions only 25 yards distant, he stood erect and signaled his patrol leader to withdraw. The whole area was brightly illuminated by enemy flares. Then, despite 20mm. machineguns, machine pistol, and rifle fire directed at him, Pvt. Johnson advanced beyond the enemy in a slow deliberate walk. Firing his automatic rifle from the hip, he succeeded in distracting the enemy and enabled his 12 comrades to escape. Advancing to within 5 yards of a machinegun, emptying his weapon, Pvt. Johnson killed its crew. Standing in full view of the enemy he reloaded and turned on the riflemen to the left, firing directly into their positions. He either killed or wounded 4 of them. A burst of machinegun fire tore into Pvt. Johnson and he dropped to his knees. Fighting to the very last, he steadied himself on his knees and sent a final burst of fire crashing into another German. With that he slumped forward dead. Pvt. Johnson had willingly given his life in order that his comrades might live. These acts on the part of Pvt. Johnson were an inspiration to the entire command and are in keeping with the highest traditions of the armed forces .
    1945 - Captured maps of German minefields are distributed to all Allied governments, in Europe, by SHAEF. These maps are from the collection of approximately 4 tons of such maps captured by US 7th Army in Bavaria.
    1945 - CHRISTIAN, HERBERT F., Medal of Honor
Rank and organization: Private, U.S. Army, 15th Infantry, 3d Infantry Division. Place and date: Near Valmontone, Italy, 2-3 June 1944. Entered service at: Steubenville, Ohio. Birth: Byersville, Ohio. G.O. No.: 43, 30 May 1945. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of life above and beyond the call of duty. On 2-3 June 1944, at 1 a.m., Pvt. Christian elected to sacrifice his life in order that his comrades might extricate themselves from an ambush. Braving massed fire of about 60 riflemen, 3 machineguns, and 3 tanks from positions only 30 yards distant, he stood erect and signaled to the patrol to withdraw. The whole area was brightly illuminated by enemy flares. Although his right leg was severed above the knee by cannon fire, Pvt. Christian advanced on his left knee and the bloody stump of his right thigh, firing his submachinegun. Despite excruciating pain, Pvt. Christian continued on his self-assigned mission. He succeeded in distracting the enemy and enabled his 12 comrades to escape. He killed 3 enemy soldiers almost at once. Leaving a trail of blood behind him, he made his way forward 20 yards, halted at a point within 10 yards of the enemy, and despite intense fire killed a machine-pistol man. Reloading his weapon, he fired directly into the enemy position. The enemy appeared enraged at the success of his ruse, concentrated 20-mm. machinegun, machine-pistol and rifle fire on him, yet he refused to seek cover. Maintaining his erect position, Pvt. Christian fired his weapon to the very last. Just as he emptied his submachine gun, the enemy bullets found their mark and Pvt. Christian slumped forward dead. The courage and spirit of self-sacrifice displayed by this soldier were an inspiration to his comrades and are in keeping with the highest traditions of the armed forces.
    1945 - Top Hits
“Laura” - The Woody Herman Orchestra
“Dream” - The Pied Pipers
“Sentimental Journey” - The Les Brown Orchestra (vocal: Doris Day)
“At Mail Call Today” - Gene Autry
    1946 - Supreme Court bans segregation on interstate buses.
The court rules that Negro passengers cannot be forced to sit at the back of buses. In 1947, April 9-23, Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) sponsors an interstate bus ride to test the ruling — Bayard Rustin, Fellowship of Reconciliation, Igal Roodenko, Joseph Felmet get arrested and serve 30 days on a chain gang. This is a particularly dangerous period in the US: lynchings in the south approach 1918 levels as Negro G.I.s return and talk of getting the rights they fought for.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAjor.htm
http://www.swarthmore.edu/Library/peace/DG151-175/dg161irood.htm
    1946 – In Paris, the first bikini was displayed.
    1946 – The International Military Tribunal opened in Tokyo against 28 Japanese war criminals.
    1949 - The first African-American Naval Academy graduate was Ensign Wesley Anthony Brown of Washington, DC.
    1949 – “Dragnet” was first broadcast on radio station KFI, Los Angeles.
    1949 - Elvis Presley, still an 8th grader, received his final grades for the year at Humes High School, including an "A" in language but only a "C" in music. Four years later to the day, he would graduate.
    1952 – Hoping to make a comeback, Frank Sinatra recorded the classic "Birth of the Blues" for Columbia Records. It would not be until he went to Capital Records and recorded with Nelson Riddle, among others, as Eddie Fisher was the pop idol of the day.
    1953 – Alexander Joy Cartwright was officially credited by Congress as the founder of baseball.
    1953 - Top Hits
“Song from Moulin Rouge” - The Percy Faith Orchestra
“I Believe” - Frankie Laine
“April in Portugal” - The Les Baxter Orchestra
“Take These Chains from My Heart” - Hank Williams
    1956 - Buddy Holly sees the John Wayne movie “The Searchers” and gains some song writing inspiration when Wayne utters the line "that'll be the day."
    1957 – At Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, one of Willie Mays’ greatest catches came at the expense of his rival, Roberto Clemente. Clemente hit a ball that seemed headed towards a light tower in left center more than 440 feet from home plate. Mays leapt high against the screen and made a glove-twisting catch. Most observers thought the ball had bounced off the screen.
    1959 - Billboard Magazine splits its album chart into two separate sections: Best Selling Stereophonic LPs and Best Selling Monophonic LPs.
    1959 – The first US Air Force Academy graduation in Colorado Springs, Colorado. In 1919, Congressman Charles F. Curry introduced legislation providing for an Academy, but concerns about cost, curriculum and location led to its demise. In 1925, air power pioneer General Billy Mitchell testified that it was necessary "to have an air academy to form a basis for the permanent backbone of your air service and to attend to the ... organizational part of it, very much the same way that West Point does for the Army or that Annapolis does for the Navy." Support for an air academy got a boost with the National Security Act of 1947, which provided for the establishment of a separate air force within the United States military. Following the recommendation of the board, Congress passed legislation in 1954 to begin the construction of the Air Force Academy, and President Eisenhower signed it into law on 1 April of that year. The academy's permanent site had not yet been completed when the first class entered, so the 306 cadets from the Class of 1959 were sworn in at a temporary site at Lowry AFB in Denver on 11 July 1955. While at Lowry, they were housed in renovated World War II barracks. On 26 June 1976, 157 women entered the Air Force Academy with the Class of 1980.
    1960 - Clarence Gideon is arrested and charged with breaking into a poolroom in Florida. The appeal of Gideon's subsequent conviction led to the establishment of one of the chief principles of American criminal justice. Due to Gideon's perseverance, every criminal suspect is entitled to representation by a lawyer. Now incorporated into what are known as our Miranda rights-"You have the right to speak to an attorney. If you can't afford one, one will be provided for you." This information must be announced by every officer while making an arrest. When Florida decided to retry Gideon for the poolroom burglary in 1963, he had an experienced lawyer at his trial. The attorney easily poked holes in the prosecution's flimsy case, and Gideon was acquitted. New York Times writer Anthony Lewis wrote the stirring account of how one poor man changed the entire system in his 1965 book, “Gideon's Trumpet,” which later became a movie starring Henry Fonda.
    1961 - Top Hits
“Travelin' Man” - Ricky Nelson
“Daddy's Home” - Shep & The Limelites
“Running Scared” - Roy Orbison
“Hello Walls” - Faron Young
    1965 - The first Astronaut to walk in space was Major Edward Higgins White, II, who opened the hatch of Gemini 4 at 3:42pm this day, stepped out into space at a 1230-mile altitude at 3:45pm and remained outside for 20 minutes until 4:05pm, attached to the craft by a 25-0foot tether. A hand-held 7.5 oxygen jet propulsion gun operated by pressure on a trigger gave him control over his movements. (The first human to walk in space was cosmonaut Aleksie A. Leonov, who stepped out of the Vokshad 2 spacecraft on March 18, 1965).
    1967 - Aretha Franklin scores her first No. 1 hit with "Respect." She quickly followed it up with six more Top 10 singles, including "Chain of Fools" and "A Natural Woman." Franklin, the daughter of a Detroit minister, grew up singing gospel. She signed with Columbia Records in her early 20s. However, Columbia ignored her gospel roots and recorded her singing show tunes with large orchestras. Franklin broke through when she switched to Atlantic Records and began singing gospel-influenced blues, or soul, winning her the sobriquet, "Lady Soul." A hit on the pop charts as well as the R&B lists, she became one of the most influential singers in contemporary music.
http://www.georgwa.demon.co.uk/aretha_franklin.htm
http://www.aristarec.com:80/aristaweb/ArethaFranklin/images/
aretha_background_04.jpg
http://www.soulwalking.co.uk/Aretha%20Franklin.html
    1968 - Poor People's Campaign March on Washington, DC, begins.
http://www.kcsclc.org/about.html
    1969 - Top Hits
“Get Back” - The Beatles
“Love (Can Make You Happy)” - Mercy
“Oh Happy Day” - The Edwin Hawkins' Singers
“Singing My Song” - Tammy Wynette
    1972 – The Eagles released “Take It Easy” written by Jackson Browne and Glenn Frey. It was the band's first single, released on May 1, 1972. It peaked at No. 12 on the July 22, 1972, Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also was the opening track on the band's debut album, “Eagles,” and it has become one of their signature songs, included on all of their live and compilation albums. It is listed as one of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame’s 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.
    1977 - Top Hits
Sir Duke - Stevie Wonder
I'm Your Boogie Man - KC & The Sunshine Band
Dreams - Fleetwood Mac
Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love) - Waylon Jennings
    1978 - Johnny Mathis and Deniece Williams combined their singing talents to reach the number one spot on the nation's pop music charts with "Too Much, Too Little, Too Late".
    1978 – Davey Johnson became the first Major Leaguer to hit two pinch grand slams in a season as the Phillies beat the Dodgers, 5 - 1.
    1980 - A slow moving supercell thunderstorm produced 7 tornadoes in and around the Grand Island, Nebraska area in less than 3 hours. There was one tornado of F4 intensity and 3 were rated F3. 5 people were killed, 193 were injured, and total damage was 300 million dollars.
    1982 – Graceland was opened to the public.
    1985 - Apple Computer announced that chairman and cofounder Steve Jobs would no longer control the manufacturing and marketing of the Macintosh computer. The thirty-year-old Jobs had led the development team that designed the machine. He would become very successful on his own, then came back to Apple and helped turn the company around.
http://www.geocities.com/franktau
    1985 - A group headed by Tom Benson, Jr., was approved to purchase the NFL New Orleans Saints from John W. Mecom, Jr.
    1985 - "American Health" magazine released a survey that indicated 52 percent of doctors claimed that no one really should need to eat red meat more than once or twice a week, and 72 percent said that a vegetarian diet was a passing fad. Walking and running, plus working out was also considered a fad.
    1985 - Top Hits
“Everything She Wants” - Wham!
“Everybody Wants to Rule the World” - Tears for Fears
“Axel F” - Harold Faltermeyer
“Don't Call Him a Cowboy” - Conway Twitty
    1987 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted its first female artist, Aretha Franklin.
    1989 - Longest NL Night Game: The Houston Astros defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers, 5-4, in 22 innings at the Astrodome. The longest night game by time in National League history, it lasted seven hours, 22 minutes.
    1995 - The first female West Point cadet to graduate at the top of her class was 21-year old Rebecca Marier of New Orleans, LA. She topped a class of 858 men and 130 women.
http://www.recordonline.com/westpoint/articles/women.html
    1995 – Pedro Martinez of the Montreal Expos pitched nine perfect innings against San Diego before giving up a leadoff double to Bip Roberts in the 10th inning of the Expos' 1-0 win. Martinez became the second pitcher in history, after Harvey Haddix, to have a perfect game broken up in extra innings.
    2003 - Yankees shortstop Derek Jeter is named the 11th captain in club history. The 28-year old joins Hal Chase (1912), Roger Peckinpaugh (1914-21), Babe Ruth (1922), Everett Scott (1922), Lou Gehrig (1935-41), Thurman Munson (1976-79), Graig Nettles (1982-84), co-captains Willie Randolph and Ron Guidry (1986-89), and Don Mattingly (1991-95). Jeter retired after the 2014 season, completing a 20-year career. He came one vote shy of a unanimous Hall of Fame selection in 2020, to be inducted in 2021 due to the coronavirus.
    2003 - Slugger Sammy Sosa is ejected from the game during the first inning after he shatters his bat and the broken remains exposes cork. The Cub outfielder will be suspended by MLB for 8 games (will be reduced to 7) his offense.
    2004 – Must be a great day for grand slams! At Atlanta’s Turner Field, the 45-year old Julio Franco hit a grand slam to become the oldest player in Major League history to do so as the Braves beat the Phillies, 8 - 4.
    2005 – WCBS-FM in New York, one of the nation’s first all-oldies stations, changed its format to the more current genre and became known as “JACK.”
    2008 - Barack Obama clinched the Democratic presidential nomination.
    2008 – Randy Johnson moved into second place on the all-time Major League strikeout leaderboard, passing Roger Clemens for second place with 4,673. The 44-year-old "Big Unit" trails only Nolan Ryan, with 4,875 for his career.
    2013 - The trial of Army private Chelsea Manning for leaking classified material to WikiLeaks begins in Ft. Meade, MD. Born Bradley Edward Manning, she was convicted in July 2013 of violations of the Espionage Act and other offenses, after disclosing to Wiki nearly 750,000 classified, or unclassified but sensitive, military and diplomatic documents. She was imprisoned from 2010 until 2017 when her sentence was commuted. A trans woman, Manning stated in 2013 that she had a female gender identity since childhood and wanted to be known as Chelsea Manning. She also expressed a desire to begin hormone replacement therapy. in 2018, Manning challenged incumbent Senator Ben Cardin for the Democratic nomination for the US Senate in her home state of Maryland. Manning received 5.7% of the votes.
    2019 – The winning streak of Jane Holzhauer on “Jeopardy!” ended. Holzhauer won $2,464,216 in 33 appearances, making him the second-highest winner in “Jeopardy!” regular-play winnings and number of games won, behind only Ken Jennings, who won $2,522,700 in 75 episodes.

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